摘要

从思维的角度看，翻译不仅是一种语言活动，更主要的是一种思维活动。思维的差异肯定会影响两种语言的相互转换。本文首先通过对比的形式加以分析，提出了中西思维方面存在的三大不同之处，综合思维和分析思维，具象思维和抽象思维，顺向思维和逆向思维。从而引出了由于思维方式的差异给翻译带来的三个影响,表现在词汇视点的不同，表达结构和语序上的差异三方面。最后还提出了一些基本方法用来提高思维影响下的翻译质量。因此，在翻译过程中，为了避免误区，我们必须重视中西思维差异对翻译的影响。

关键词：思维；语言学；差异；英汉翻译

Abstract

From the perspective of thinking, translation is not only a linguistic activity, but also involves the process of thinking activity. The different modes of thinking will certainly affect the conversion between the two languages. This paper firstly proposes three differences existing in Chinese and western mode of thinking by some comparison and analysis, synthetic thinking and analytic thinking, concrete thinking and abstract thinking, forward thinking and reverse thinking. Thus present three great influences caused by the different modes of thinking like different choice of words, difference in expression structures and words order. At last propose some basic methods to improve translation quality. Therefore, in order to avoid misunderstanding, we should pay attention to the impact on translation between Chinese and western mode of thinking.

Key words: thinking; linguistic; difference; English and Chinese translation

1.    Introduction

In the long progress of human society, translation helps human being to communicate with each other and have been closely bound up with human existence and development. Translation studies have long been confined to the periphery of research in the humanities. In the long translation history, there are many factors to affect the quality of translation such as the difference of culture and translation habits and so on. Different nations have different languages and cultures. Because of the different ideologies and cultural backgrounds, people may have totally different ideas towards the same thing, the impact on English-Chinese translation also including thinking. Thinking of all nations contains a lot of differences. Chinese and English are also no exception. Language is the carrier and container of cultural information. Culture is the soil of language. However, thinking is the carrier of language.