Abstract

    Language is the most important tool of human communication. Some speech errors are inevitable in the communication. This paper mainly studies one of the speech errors, slips of the tongue. Slips of the tongue have captured the linguists’ attention because it widely exists in our daily life, and the studies on the types and the causes of the slips of the tongue also started since then.
    This paper concludes the types of the slips of the tongue based on data analysis of the collected slips of the tongue. This paper summarizes the slips of the tongue to make the author has a preliminary understanding of it and introduces the previous studies on the slips of the tongue. It analyzes the definition of the slips of the tongue, and the achievements that the foreign and domestic researchers have made on it, as well as on the types of it. The author classified the Chinese and English slips of the tongue which collected from her daily life and the Internet, and by using the tables for the data analysis to conclude the types of the collected slips of the tongue and the main findings, then the conclusions.
    Through the research and analysis of slips of the tongue in this paper, the author finds that the major type of slips of the tongue is substitution, and blends come to the second place. Slips of the tongue are a part of the natural language with an essential research value. This special language phenomenon deserves a closer look.

Key Words: Speech Errors  Slips of the Tongue  Categories  Causes  Data Analysis

摘 要

    语言是人类最重要的交际工具，在交际过程中，不可避免的存在一些言语失误。本文主要研究其中的一种言语失误现象，“口误”。 口误，因为广泛地存在我们的日常生活中，已经受到语言学家的注意，对于口误的种类及产生原因的研究也随之起步。
    本文通过对收集的口误进行数据分析得出口误的类别。文章对口误有初步的了解，介绍了国内外对口误的研究现状，并且分析了口误的定义，国外国内对口误以及口误种类已有的研究成果。作者对日常生活中以及网上收集到的中英文口误进行归类，利用图表进行数据分析，总结口误种类及研究发现。最后做出总结。
    通过本文对口误的研究分析，作者发现最主要的口误类型是替代，混合居第二。口误作为常见的言语失误现象，值得更深的研究。

关键词：言语失误 口误 种类 产生原因 数据分析

1 Introduction
Have you ever surprised others, or yourself, by blurting out something other than what you really meant to say? This speech error is the so-called slips of the tongue. Many of us have experienced this type of speech blunder at one point or another, in the mother tongue or a second language. And it seems probable that errors are more likely to occur when we are tired, anxious or drunk and so on.