从功能翻译理论视角看《破产姐妹》的字幕翻译

Subtitle Translation of 2 Broke Girls from the Perspective of Functional Translation Theory

摘要

随着中国改革开放的越来越深入和互联网的越来越发达，越来越多的外国优秀影视作品被配上字幕引入到中国，观看外国影视剧成为中国人娱乐活动的又一大方式。字幕翻译作为一种独特的文本形式——视听媒体文本，受到时间和空间的双重因素的制约，其主要功能是为观众提供一场视听盛宴。但是与文学翻译相比，国内目前关于影视剧翻译的研究还不算丰富，加上国内影视剧翻译版本良莠不齐，所以探究字幕翻译实践中合适的翻译方法就显得尤为重要。

本文以德国功能翻译理论为依据，采取内容分析和案例分析相结合的研究方法，探索外国影视剧的字幕翻译策略。文章首先阐述了德国功能翻译理论的内涵，然后叙述了字幕翻译的特点，最后结合《破产姐妹》这部当前网络上热播的美国情景喜剧，具体探讨功能翻译理论在该剧的翻译策略中的体现和达到的积极效果，例如如何准确反映出剧中人物特点，如何凸显出浓厚的美国文化气息，如何达到跨文化交际的效果，等。

随着网络的日益发达，影视剧翻译将成为翻译领域一个越来越重要的部分。本文不仅将丰富字幕翻译领域的文献，同时也将为字幕翻译组提供参考依据。

关键词：影视剧  字幕翻译 功能翻译理论  

Abstract
With the implementation of reform and opening-up policy and the increasing popularity of the Internet, more and more foreign excellent films with subtitles is introduced into China. Watching foreign TV dramas becomes another form of entertainment for Chinese people. Subtitle translation as a special form of text, both audio and visual, is restricted by the dual factors of time and space. Its main function is to provide a visual feast for the audience. But compared with literary translation studies, the current researches about the translation of film and television plays are rare. In addition, the translation quality of foreign films and television plays is not good enough. So it has become particularly important to find out appropriate methods to translate this type of texts.
This thesis employs the German functional translation theory as the theoretical foundation, and it aims at analyzing the subtitle translation strategies of foreign TV dramas. Content analysis and case study are adopted as research methods. This thesis will first elaborate the content of the German functional translation theory, and then the features of subtitle translation are discussed. And finally, by taking 2 Broke Girls, the popular American situation comedy as a case, this paper specifically discuss the subtitle translation methods to exam the application of the functional translation theory in practice, and the positive results they have achieved, such as success in accurately reflecting the characteristics of the characters, highlighting the strong flavor of American culture, and achieving the intercultural communication effect.
With the increasingly developing network, the translation of films and TV plays will be an increasingly important part in the translation field. This thesis will not only enrich studies in the field of subtitle translation, but also to provide a reference for subtitle translation groups.
Key words:  TV dramas   subtitle translation   functional translation theory