Abstract

The thesis analyses three Chinese-translated texts based on Nida’s functional equivalence in order to observe the equivalence effect in semantics, syntax, rhetorical and text aspects between the source language and target language, and meanwhile figures out the influence factors which cause similarity and difference through comparison of Chinese-translated texts.
 To deal with different levels of equivalence, words call for much deliberation which may be translated into various meanings in different situations. And translators should pay attention to flexible application on structures in order to keep coincidence of the reaction of the target receptors with that of source receptors. Measures, like explanation and foot note, help receptors to understand better on the style of source text, due to difference in expressive practice of rhetorical devices between Chinese and English, thus to make up the stylistic deficiency in the target language. The contextual analysis assists to determine the stylistic color of the word or sentences. Therefore the main parts discuss effective measures to realize the functional equivalence which shows how functional equivalence influence translation at the core.
 
Key Words: Nida; functional equivalence; Walden

摘要

    本文试从奈达的功能对等翻译理论的视角比较《瓦尔登湖》三个中译本的得失，考察译本与原文在词义、句法、修辞和语篇方面对等效果，通过比较三本译文得出汉译文的共性及其差异性，分析得出对于造成其共性和差异的影响因素。处理不同层面的对等，译者需反复斟酌不同语境中的词义，灵活运用重构或解构，以保持目标语接受者和源语言接受者反应的一致。因为汉英修辞手法使用的不同，可用注释弥补英语修辞手法在汉语中出现零对等，帮助读者理解源语言，而分析上下文的语境能够决定词或句的语言色彩。因此，本文通过寻找在译语作品中重现原文本中的功能对等的有效途径，显示了功能对等理论对于翻译的核心影响力。

关键词：奈达；功能对等 ；瓦尔登湖；

1. Introduction of background   
The great background of marketing economy brings a problem of universal fickleness, characterizing society acquisitive in which the craving for material things seems to be never satisfied. This problem is not just a contemporary phenomenon in the US, but one that has troubled the present Chinese as well.