摘要

翻译活动是由翻译目的、翻译内容和翻译方法构成的完整过程。归化法属于翻译目的要求；异化法属于翻译内容的要求；翻译方法则是归化与异化的灵活统一。随着社会的发展，国际间的文化交流日益频繁，而翻译则成为引进异域文化、传播本国文化的重要途径。译者在翻译过程中应采取何种方式来通过语言传播文化成为了当前翻译界争论不休的焦点，主要反映在归化与异化之争。其实，归化和异化没有绝对的优劣之分，它们在翻译领域中可以和谐共存。本文将先对归化和异化的概念进行阐释，然后选取杨宪益夫妇和霍克斯的《红楼梦》的译本中具有代表性的句子进行对比，从文化的角度分析他们各自的特色。通过比较，可以发现归化和异化有各自的优缺点，它们有时候需要互补。从而得出归化和异化没有绝对的优劣之分，它们在翻译领域中可以共存。

关键词：红楼梦；归化；异化；文化；共存
 
Abstract

Translation is an integrated process consisting of translating aim, translating content and translating methods. Domestication belongs to the requirement of translating aim while foreiginization is a part of the requirement of translating content. Translating method is the flexible unification of domestication and foreiginization. With the development of society, international communication is becoming more frequent and translation has become an important method of bringing in foreign culture and spreading domestic culture. Translators always disagree on which translating method should be adopted to spread culture, especially on domestication and foreignization. In fact, we can’t say which is better. They can coexist in translating field. The paper will state the definition of domestication and foreiginization. Besides, by comparing the representative sentences in A Dream of Red Mansions translated by Yang Xianyi and David Hawkes, the paper holds the opinion that both domesticating method and foreignizing method have their own advantages and disadvantages. So they can coexist in translation field.

Keywords: A Dream of Red Mansions; domestication; foreignization; culture; coexist

Chapter 1 Introduction
Domestication is a term used to describe the translation strategy. Translators adopt it in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for TL readers.On the other hand, foreiginization actually isn’t a translation, but a kind of transplantation. It aims to keep the peculiarity of SL’s culture.
The argument between domestication and foreignization has lasted for a long time in translation field. In fact, when we consider the four changeable factors—the intention of the author, the style of the text, the aim of the translation and the requirement of the reader, we can find out domestication and foreignization depend on each other. Any rendition connected with cultural factors can’t be totally domestication or foreignization. Translators who are inclined to use domesticating method have to use foreinizing method when they can’t find corresponding cultural vocabulary. And translators who are inclined to use foreinizing method will adopt domesticating method when the cultural vocabulary in source language exists in target language.