汉语散文英译的语篇重构

Text Restructuring of Chinese Prose In C-E Translation

摘要

散文是中国文学四大文体之一，散文翻译是文学翻译的重要组成部分。近年来，由于散文研究地位的上升，散文的翻译问题也逐渐得到更多中国学者的注意。如何将“形散神聚”的汉语散文转化为行文流畅，逻辑通顺的英文译本，是目前翻译界面临的一个巨大挑战。

由于汉语和英语在语言结构和思维模式上的显著差异，汉语散文和英语散文在行文篇章上也存在相应的不同之处。汉语散文是典型的螺旋式结构；英语散文一般是直线型结构。因此，在英译汉语散文时，必须要对原文的语篇结构进行适当的调整，以适应英文读者的审美习惯和思维模式。

本篇论文即是以语篇语言学的相关理论为基础，对已出版的优秀汉语散文译本进行分析，探索散文翻译的语篇重构技巧。在分析了几年来散文翻译研究的相关文献后，本论文发现发现大多数研究关注于散文意境的重构和美感的传达，但是对散文翻译的具体策略研究较少，而以语篇语言学为指导的语篇翻译，已成为翻译研究中的一个新趋势。本文研究了语篇的定义及汉语语篇的结构特征，指出连贯重构是语篇重构的重要途径，提出实现语篇连贯的3种技巧即衔接显化、信息结构重组和主语修正，通过信息结构重组和衔接重构实现语篇的重新构建。

关键词：翻译，汉语散文，语篇重构，衔接连贯 

Abstract
Prose translation, as an organic part of literature translation, gradually gains scholars’ attention in the recent decades with the increasing status of prose in modern society. How to translate Chinese prose, which is noted for its loose structure, into fluent and logical English versions is one of the biggest challenges the translation academia faces.
Due to the obvious distinctions between English and Chinese language systems as well as thinking patterns, there are obvious differences between English and Chinese prose writing. Thus, certain alterations of the original text structure should be involved in the C-E translation process to produce an acceptable translation. This attracts the author to explore the current study of text restructuring theories and the corresponding methods employed in prose translation.
This thesis employs text analysis theories as the theoretical foundation and mainly focuses on the text restructuring strategies for translation of Chinese prose. Published translations of Chinese prose are adopted as study materials. After a brief review of relevant studies on Chinese prose translation and text analysis theories, the author puts forward that text analysis theories are instructive to translation of Chinese prose. The definition of Text and the features of Chinese prose texts are then listed below; cohesion and coherence as the basic features of a text are pointed out to be the focus of text analysis. After that, some relevant theories and techniques employed in text restructuring are discussed. It is concluded that text restructuring is necessary in C-E prose translation and it is mainly achieved by coherence reorganization. Faculty of this thesis and suggestions for future researches are also provided.
Key words: translation; Chinese prose; text restructuring; cohesion and coherence