摘 要
   
英语是一门开放的语言，其发展过程中借入了大量的外来语。随着中英文化交流的不断加深，英语中借入的汉语在数量、种类以及借入方式上都发生了巨大的变化，而国内对英语中汉语外来语的研究却还停留在语言、文化和社会这些层面。本文以翻译目的论为理论依据，结合译入语国家的文化环境，对英语中汉语外来语的翻译策略进行全面深入的研究。首先文章简述了德国功能主义理论学派代表人物的观点以及该学派理论的发展，着重介绍诺德的两大翻译策略--纪实翻译和工具翻译。然后结合历史等综合因素，对外来语进行分类并介绍了分类后不同时期的外来语及其语言、借入及翻译策略的特点。最后通过对两大翻译策略中大量的外来语词汇的使用情况进行分析，继而展现英语中汉语外来语的发展趋势。总体来看，英语中汉语外来语大多采用纪实翻译的策略，该策略也很有可能成为今后英语中汉语外来语的主要翻译策略。这方面的研究可以为中国特色词汇的翻译提供参考，创造更多的能为英语文化人民接受的词语，增强汉语文化输出，加深他们对汉语的认识。

关键字：英语中的汉语外来语；目的论；纪实翻译；工具翻译

ABSTRACT
   
English is known as an open language, which assimilates large numbers of borrowings in its development. With deepening of communications between China and English-speaking countries, there had been huge changes in terms of number, type and ways of borrowing. However, the previous studies on English borrowings from Chinese are still focusing on language, culture and society. By setting Skopostheorie as theoretical framework and combining with target language culture, this paper has further and thorough investigations on the typology of English borrowings from Chinese. First of all, it introduces the concepts of German functionalists and the development of their theory, emphasizing on two types of translation typology--documentary translation and instrumental translation put forward by Nord. Then, considering the comprehensive facts of history, these borrowings are divided into different groups; their features are anglicized in terms of language, way of borrowing and translation typology. At last, the tendency of the usage of translation typology of English borrowings from Chinese is shown by respective analysis. Through the study, most of the English borrowings from Chinese are documentary translation on the whole, and it is highly possible that documentary translation would be the main method of the translation of English Borrowings from Chinese. Studies like this are meaningful in guiding the translation of words with Chinese characteristics, enlarging cultural export by creating more and more borrowings which are acceptable for native speakers of English, and deepening their knowledge about China.

Key words: English borrowings from Chinese; Skopostheorie; documentary translation; instrumental translation