Abstract: Subtitle translation, the basis of watching foreign films, is an indispensable culture form of modern society. In recent years, subtitle translation has developed rapidly and its huge market has made it one of the most effective ways in developing and cultivating translators’ competence. Subtitle helps to transmit information of films, enhance viewers’ experience of appreciating film and facilitate cultural communication.
The thesis focuses on cultivate translation competence in the process of subtitles translation. The paper first introduces the definition, function and classification of subtitles. Then the features of subtitle translation are analyzed. Like other forms of literary languages, subtitles language also has its own characteristics. Professor Qian Shaochang outlines five language characteristics of subtitles: auditory, comprehensiveness, popularity, instantaneity, and without annotation. Time constraint and space constraint are the two main constraints of subtitle translation. What's more, due to the constraints, the subtitle translation has to comply with the principle of accuracy and conciseness. Last but not least, from the angle of culture, translation is even an activity of cultural exchange. A good translation is not only about language transfer, but more about cultural transmission. Therefore, subtitle translation should be more standard and professional. Also, translators’ competence should be adjusted and improved. This paper attempts to explore how to cultivate translation competence from the perspective of subtitle translation. It is of great importance in cultivating translation competence.
Key Words: Subtitle Translation; translation competence; translation strategies
   
摘  要：字幕翻译是观看外国电影的基础，是现代社会不可或缺的一种文化形式。近年来，字幕翻译发展迅速，它的巨大的市场使它成为培养译员翻译能力的最有效的方法。字幕可以传输电影的信息，增加观众欣赏电影的经验和促进不同文化之间的交流。
本文重点研究字幕翻译中，如何培养翻译能力。本文首先介绍了字幕的定义，功能和分类。然后对字幕翻译的特点进行了分析。与其他形式的文学语言一样，字幕语言也有其自身的特点。钱绍昌介绍了字幕语言的五个特性，即听觉性，综合性，大众性，瞬时性，和无标注性。时间约束和空间限制是字幕翻译的两个主要限制点。由于时间和空间的限制，字幕翻译必须遵循准确、简洁的原则。此外，从文化的角度来看，翻译更是一个文化交流活动。成功的翻译不仅是语言间的转换，而且还是文化之间的交流。因此，字幕翻译应该更加标准和专业。同样，译员的翻译能力也应该随之得到调整和提高。本文意在探索如何通过翻译字幕来培养译员的翻译能力，这对培养译员的翻译能力非常重要。
关键词：字幕翻译；翻译能力；翻译策略