[摘要]

语言是人们在活动过程中产生和发展起来的一种社交工具。文化不同导致语言的禁忌的出现。本论文首先论述了语言禁忌的演变，接着提出语言禁忌存在于人们生活的各个方面，是一种普遍存在的社会现象。在汉英两种语言中，有些忌讳是一致的。文中分析了汉英民族文化背景、意识形态、价值观念等的不同，中英语言禁忌的内容和形式也有一些差异，因此本论文还探讨了中英语言禁忌在私人话题、数字的互异性。这些异同和发展演进往往会给交际带来一些障碍，为此，总结出一系列禁忌语的翻译方法。希望本论文的研究能帮助英语学习者加深英汉两种语言和文化的理解，提高跨文化交际能力，达到理想的交际效果。

[关键词]  语言禁忌语；相似点；不同；翻译；交流

Abstract：

Language, as the carrier of culture, is created during the process of human beings productive labor and serves as the tool of communication to convey the messages between people. In both occidental and oriental countries, the taboos have a very special and important meaning for people. As the old saying goes, troubles come out of the tongue. Superstitious people think that the language itself can bring about fortune or misfortune so that taboos to restrict the use of language are created. Anyone who violates them will get punishment, whereas those who faithfully obey the restrictions of language taboo will get protection. Furthermore, linguistic taboos change with the development of society. This thesis intends to analyze English and Chinese taboos based on the different culture so as to show the importance of the intercultural communication. The evaluation of linguistic taboos, the culture of them and the proper way to translate taboos are all discussed in the thesis. Through this comparative study, the essay also wants to illustrate that although English and Chinese taboos may have many differences, they contain abundant cultural contents. So it’s essential for both of them to take advantages of the other and deepen the understanding between each other, which would help English learners improve their ability of intercultural communication and achieve better communicational effects.

Key words: taboo; similarity; difference; translation; communication

1. Introduction
Taboo is a common social and cultural phenomenon in both west and east. As a certain socio-cultural phenomenon, [1](P55) taboo culture not only reflects to varying degrees in different social values, morality, social psychology, but also suits to the cultural traditions. And taboo is also regarded as one of the greatest obstacles in cross-cultural communication. No matter in China or Britain, the origin of taboo is deeply rooted in the primitive social and cultural background and its change is greatly influenced by the development of human society, which is used to satisfy human beings’ needs for smooth communications. Neglecting taboo will result in cultural conflict or even other serious consequences.
There are some similarities in English and Chinese taboos, but different cultures may not be agreeable on whether it is a taboo or not in a specific context. A Lack of knowledge in this field or improper use of taboos may lead to misunderstandings, or other severe results in the cross –culture communications which is increasingly frequent and wider now.