Abstract:

Culture-loaded words are words with specific language and culture features. Due to the differences between Chinese and western cultures, there must be a problem on the translation of culture-loaded words. The scopos theory, which was put forward in the 1970s, holds that translation is a kind of action. Moreover, it’s a purposefully cross-cultural action. According to the theory, translators should obey three rules and the purpose of translation determines translation methods. This thesis analyzes the translation methods of the culture-loaded words with typical examples in the English version of Red Sorghum from the perspective of the scopos theory. In order to introduce more Chinese culture to English readers with a smooth English version, Goldblatt employs various methods, such as literal translation, literal translation with explanation, free translation, addition, reduction and transliteration to meet the readers’ expectation and achieve the purpose of cultural communication. These translation methods are helpful to keep the features of the original text and to conform to the English idiomatic use.

Keywords: the scopos theory; culture-loaded words; Red Sorghum; translation methods

摘  要：

文化负载词是带有特定语言文化特征的词语。由于中西方文化的差异，必然产生如何翻译文化负载词的问题。而德国功能派目的论认为翻译是一种有目的的跨文化交际活动，它主张在翻译过程中，译者应遵循三个总体原则。目的论以是否达到目标语读者的预期目的来判断译文的成功与否。本文以莫言小说《红高粱》英译本为切入点，从目的论的视角并结合译文中的实例分析了英译本《红高粱》中对文化负载词的翻译方法。为了在译文通顺流畅的基础上将更多的中国文化介绍给英美读者，葛浩文在翻译过程中对于原文中的文化负载词，采取了不同的翻译手段，使译文尽量保留中国文化特色，又符合英语表达习惯，他运用了直译、直译加注、意译、加注、减译和音译等多种翻译方法，实现了满足读者阅读期待和文化交流的目的。

关键词：目的论；文化负载词；《红高粱》；翻译方法

1 Introduction
1.1 The purpose and significance of the research
The communication and cooperation among countries and nations have been rapidly increased and people of different nations hope to know more about Chinese culture with the development of world globalization and China’s reform and opening-up to the outside world policy. However, China has a long history and rich civilization and the differences in languages make it difficult to translate. Thus, people pay more and more attention to translation, which bridge the two languages and cultures. Chinese literature, an important part of Chinese culture, stands for the wisdom and art of China. It is of great importance for us to introduce our cultures to the whole world in order to make more and more people know and appreciate it. Therefore, a good translation is of great significance and meaning.