Abstract

In recent years, translation “universals” is one of the most intensively studied phenomena within the field of translation studies at home and abroad. When it comes to translation “universals”, it inevitably involves explicitation and implicitation. With the development of corpus linguistics, corpus linguists began to explore translation with the methods and tools of corpus linguistics. Corpus-based translation studies are usually on Translation Universals (TU).
But the study of explicitation and implicitation should not be limited to corpus-based translation studies. Therefore, it is still useful to collect the information from the source text and translated text artificially and analyze whether translators adopt the same strategies to translate the same text, how different translators deal with the related cultural information, why different translators adopt different explicitation and implicitation strategies. Studies of explicitation and implicitation are mostly on the translations between Indo-European languages. And studies on explicitation and implicitation in E-C translations are rare.
Hence, this thesis, based on Klaudy’s classification of explicitation, discusses explicitation and implicitation in translation with the two Chinese versions of The Razor’s Edge (Zhou Xuliang’s version and Zi Pei’s version) as a case. The main methodologies adopted in this thesis are comparison, induction and causal analysis. This study intends to probe into the issues of explicitation and implicitation and analyzes the explicitation and implicitation in the translation process from English to Chinese. Through the case study, this thesis finds that explicitation and implicitation are universal strategies in translating process, and they have differences because of linguistic differences, translators' individual preference, social and cultural background and other factors.
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Keywords: exlicitation; implicitation; comparative study; the Razor’s Edge 
 
摘要

近些年来，翻译共性作为翻译界研究的新领域，引发了国内外学者的致力探讨，而提及翻译的共性，则不可避免地会涉及翻译的显化和隐化。近年来，关于显化和隐化，许多学者都致力于基于语料库的普遍性研究。
但本文以为显化和隐化研究不应仅限于基于语料库研究一种方法，也不只是基于语料库研究这么简单。由于显化本身不具备概念地位，导致语料库操作难以全面展开。因此，通过人工采集原文和译文文本，并对与显性和隐性有关的的语言现象进行人工统计、归纳、对比和分析的传统研究方法仍大有用武之地。
本文从贺显斌（2003）和刘泽权（2010）研究显化现象的途径中得到启发，选取毛姆《刀锋》的两个中译本为例，从译文比较的角度，对译文从词汇、语篇、文化等不同角度进行数据归纳、分析，进行显化和隐化研究，以确定译者在翻译过程中是否运用了怎样的显化和隐化技巧，取得了怎样的显化和隐化效果，并进一步探讨显化产生的原因，为译者在今后的翻译过程中提供一些帮助。通过研究，本文发现显化和隐化在英译中中普遍存在，造成显化和隐化的原因包括语言差异、译者个人选择、社会文化背景和其他因素等等。

关键词：显性翻译； 隐性翻译；对比研究； 《刀锋》