摘要

英语与汉语属于完全不同的语系，在语音、词汇、语法等诸多方面都存在着差异，但两种语言中都存在着一类不可忽视的虚词那就是介词。受到两种语言不同发展规律及结构组成的影响，介词在用法及构成语义等方面都有各自的特点。本文将从英汉对比的角度入手，重点研究英汉介词的使用和汉译，总结出英汉介词使用方法及句法结构的异同，并以此为基础分析归纳英语介词的汉译方法，最后总结得出英语介词汉译常用的六种方法，例如可以转换翻译成动词，对等翻译，省略翻译，分别翻译，或是增加动词或介词等翻译方法，以期对相关的英语学习者及致力于英汉研究和教育的学者有一定的参考作用。

关键词：英语介词；汉语介词；对比；用法；翻译方法

Abstract

English and Chinese are totally different languages, completely different in many aspects such as pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and so on. Although there are so many differences, there is a kind of function words of these two languages which can not be ignored, prepositions. Due to the development of these two languages by different rules and structures, the usages of prepositions in semantic aspect and composition have their own characteristics. This paper illustrates this problem from the perspective of contrastive analysis of English and Chinese, focusing on the usages of prepositions and the techniques of English-Chinese translation, summarizing the differences of English and Chinese prepositions’ usage and syntax structure, and on this basis, analyzes some methods for the translation of English preposition, finally states six kinds of methods. The research finds that English prepositions can be transformed into verbs, equivalent translation, omission, addition, or to translate respectively, hoping to make some efforts on certain reference function for related English learners and to those English and Chinese scholars who are committed to the English-Chinese research and education.

Key words: English prepositions; Chinese prepositions; contrast; usage; methods of translation