摘要

长期以来，传统翻译理论统治了整个翻译领域。它注重译文对原文的忠实，把译者及其创造性降到一文不值的地位。然而，西方二十世纪七十年代的文化转向为翻译领域注入了新鲜的血液。译者得到了解放，得到了其应有的重视。对于译者主体性的研究也迎来了前所未有的高潮。本文将从译者的历史地位开始，简述其发展历程，进而阐释当代新兴翻译理论视角下译者主体性的丰富内涵。再者，本文通过对文献的归纳，总结我国古文英译的发展历程及其特别的难点。最后，通过古文英译实例的分析与不同译本的对比，从译者的理解能力，表达能力，文化背景知识，采取的翻译策略四个方面探讨译者主体性在翻译过程中的体现，突显其在翻译研究中扮演的重要角色。

关键词：传统翻译观；文化转向；译者主体性；古文英译
 
Abstract

For a long period, the traditional translation theories dominated the whole translation field. It advocates faithfulness as its utmost maxim in the process of translation, putting translator in a lowest position and entirely rejecting translators’ creativeness. However, after the 1970s, the cultural turn in the west infused new blood into the translation study and brought about many new theories. Gradually, translators get liberated and respected. Meanwhile, the researches on translators’ subjectivity move towards its climax. This paper will start from the report of the historical position of the translator and the brief development of the translator’s subjectivity. Then, it moves to discuss the current situation of translator’s subjectivity and its diverse and abundant connotations from the perspective of the flourishing theories. Besides, it is necessary to talk about the development and difficulties of the classical Chinese translation. Finally, through analyzing and comparing translation examples, this paper explores the translator’s subjectivity reflected in the classical Chinese translation in the following four aspects: the ability of understanding, the ability of expressing, cultural background knowledge and the choice of translation strategies.

Key words: traditional translation theories, the cultural turn, translators’ subjectivity, the classical Chinese Translation