操控理论视角下《醉翁亭记》的译本比较研究

A Comparative Study of the English Versions of “Zuiwengtingji” from the Perspective of Manipulation Theory 

摘要

《醉翁亭记》是我国北宋时期著名散文家、诗人欧阳修的代表作，在中国文学史上有着重要的地位和意义，赢得了许多翻译家的青睐，有许多不同的译本流传。20世纪80年代，安德烈·勒菲弗尔提出的改写理论创新性地对翻译活动中意识形态、诗学与赞助人等因素进行了分析，被誉为操控学派的代表。本文将在操控理论的指导下，挑选杨宪益夫妇、潘正英、罗经国、Herbert A. Giles、谢百魁以及刘师舜的译本，从译者的不同时代背景和意识形态切入，结合译文进行研究，探讨操控理论对翻译活动的影响，分析哪个译本的操控程度更深，并究其原因，旨在弥补和丰富这一方面的研究。

本文共分为五个部分。第一部分介绍了论文的研究意义和动机，明确了研究理论、主体及研究方案；第二部分对操控理论以及《醉翁亭记》的相关研究进行了文献回顾；第三部分简要介绍了《醉翁亭记》的原文、译者和译本；第四部分在操控理论的视角下，从诗学、意识形态和赞助人三方面分析六个译本，并探讨译者受到这三方面影响后对译本采取的翻译策略；最后一部分对全文进行总结。由于语言、文化和时代背景的不同，Herbert A. Giles在翻译过程中更多的使用归化的翻译策略，以译文读者为归宿，所以其译本被操控的程度最深。

关键词：《醉翁亭记》，操控理论，诗学，意识形态，赞助人 

Abstract
“Zuiwengtingji”, the magnum opus of Ouyang Xiu, who is a famous essayist and poet in Northern Song Dynasty, has significant meaning and status in the history of Chinese literature. It has won the favor of many translators at home and abroad. In the 1980s, the rewriting theory analyzes the factors in translation practice, such as poetics, ideology and patronage. It is brought up by André Levefere, who is considered the representative of manipulation theory. In this paper, the writer will select six English versions of “Zuiwengtingji”, which are translated by Yang Xianyi, Pan Zhengying, Luo Jingguo, Herbert A. Giles, Xie Baikui and Liu Shishun respectively. The backgrounds of translations and translators will be studied from the perspective of manipulation theory and the influences of the theory on translation activities will be analyzed. Through the research on these translated versions, one will be picked out as the most manipulated version.
The paper is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the meaning and motivation of the study, the theoretical foundation and the research approach. The second part makes a brief review of the literatures on manipulation theory and “Zuiwengtingji”. In the third part, “Zuiwengtingji” and its translations will be described. The next part, which is the most important part of the whole thesis makes a detailed analysis of the six English versions from poetics, ideology and patronage and talks about the translation strategies under the influence of the three factors. And the last part comes to a conclusion. Due to the difference of languages, cultures and eras, Herbert A. Giles uses domestication translation methods during translating, which makes his version the most manipulated one.
Key words: “Zuiwengtingji”, manipulation theory, poetics, ideology, patronage