摘  要

随着中国和世界其他国家的交流日益频繁，旅游英语翻译成为了跨文化交际中的一个重要桥梁。然而，由于很多原因，尤其是中国和英语国家在思维方式和表达方式上的不同，旅游英语翻译存在一些问题。很多译者没有建立一个良好的跨文化交际意识，导致外国学者和游客对本国旅游景点的理解有误。本文总结分析了旅游英语翻译的现状和存在的常见问题，提出由于中西方文化的差异，导致旅游翻译问题的存在，以及应对旅游翻译的策略，应该建立在跨文化交际的基础上，采用专业的翻译方法和翻译原则策略。主要介绍了由于中西方文化差异，导致外国人无法理解具有中国特色的文化名词，对景点景区应采用直译和意译的翻译方法；对诗词典故中的人物应采用类比法；在处理特殊情况的旅游翻译时要进行必要的删减和增添以及采用联想法；为实现中西方文化差异上的功能对等，还引申出适宜原则和对等原则。文化交际要始终贯穿旅游英语翻译全过程，为了外国人能更容易地理解中国人所讲述的旅游内容，必须在保留中国文化特色的前提下，把中国的文化类比成西方国家文化的一部分，一个精准有技巧的旅游翻译就来得尤为重要。

关键词：跨文化意识；翻译问题；文化差异

Abstract

With more and more exchange communication between China and the rest of the world, English translation of tourism has become an important bridge for cross-cultural communication. However, due to many reasons, there are some problems in English translation of tourism. Especially in the different ways of thinking and expression with people from other countries, many translators fail to develop a good awareness of intercultural communication, and the results tend to cause the misunderstandings of foreign scholars and tourists to domestic tourist attractions. This paper has discussed about many aspects in English translation of tourism, and summarized and analyzed the present situation and common problems of tourist translation, text information and function of tourism, tourist translation principles and strategies, and problems such as cultural differences in tourist translation. The paper also gives reasons that cause problems in tourist translation, and that is because of differences between Chinese and Western culture. Translations to attractions and scenic spots should be literal translation and free translation. Translations to characters in poetry allusions should be analogy. When dealing with special situations, necessary deletion, addition and associative meaning are needed. To realize the equivalent function on the Chinese and western cultural differences, appropriate principle and reciprocity principle are also needed. Cross-cultural Communication should always throughout Tourism Translation. In order to make foreign tourists easily understand what Chinese are about to travel content, to make Chinese cultural analogy as part of western culture which is acceptable by foreigners, but the premise is must to keep the cultural characteristics in Chinese country.

Key words: awareness of intercultural communication; problems in translation; cultural differences