摘    要

英语作为世界上使用最广的语言,如其他语言一样,一直不停地变化发展着。很少能找到一种语言是每个词都是单个意思,英语更是具有大量的多义词。
本文试从一词多义的演变着手,建立语义范畴模式,探讨一词多义词项之间的关系。并且就如何记忆多义词的各词项给出自己的意见。从词义涉及的三个关系: 因果、范围、历史文化,这几个方面进行联想式记忆, 将极大地有助于准确理解并轻松牢靠地掌握词义。

关键词：多义词；演变；联想；记忆

Abstract

As the most widely used language in the world, English has changed continuously as well as other languages. It is diffifult to find a languague in which every word has a single meaning. English contains a great deal of polysemic words.
    This paper starts with the evolution of polysemy, and then establish the modes of words' semantic category to study the relationship between the semantic items. We have made an attempt to explore ways to memorise the polysemic words in a quick way. We have dissussed here three ways of association. By following these analysis, we can understand the relationship better and learn english polysemic words more easily. 

Key words: polysemant; evolution; association; memory

1 Introduction

Here come a little joke:Tom call Jim:"I can't bear such a fool!" Jim say:"You mother could (bear)!" The word bear is misunderstood by Jim for its two meanings:(1) tolerate; (2) give birth to. Here we can see how a polysemantic word can cause ambiguity while interpreting them into Chinese, and that's to say we have to be more discreet when we're choosing words or comprehending articles, where lays the importance of polysemy.
    With the development of society and economy, There has been tremendous disagreement concerning the definition, behaviours and representation of polysemy. What's more, linguistic definitions of polysemy require these multiple meanings to be related. A concept of word which is constructed on the basis of human experience and by means of cognitive and cultural modes, acquires meaning in virtue of association with a linguistic sign which extends continuously.