摘要

歧义是一种很普遍的语言现象，所以在英语中也是广泛存在的。歧义具有幽默、双关等修辞效果，所以在日常的报章杂志，文学作品中都有所运用。在国内外的研究中，歧义也是一个热门的研究问题。
本文立足在国内外对于歧义的研究成果的基础上，试通过歧义句来对句法歧义进行分析研究。将全文分成四部分引言、歧义的形式、歧义的作用和结论。通过歧义的词汇层面，句子层面和其他形式来对句法歧义进行解析。本文主要通过直接分析法、树形图解法和乔姆斯基的深层结构分析法来对句法歧义激发的歧义句进行解析。

关键词：歧义；歧义句；句法歧义；作用

Abstract

Ambiguity is a common linguistic phenomenon and widely spread in English. Ambiguity has the functions of humor, puns, irony and so on. In the daily life it is always used in the newspapers, magazines and literature. At home and abroad the research topic of ambiguity is very popular.
Based on the research at home and abroad, this thesis analyzes syntactic ambiguity by using ambiguous sentences. This thesis is divided into 4 parts: introduction, forms of ambiguity, the functions of ambiguity and conclusion. After the research the syntactic ambiguity is divided into the word level, sentence level and other forms of ambiguity. The main analytical methods in this thesis are Immediate Constituent Analysis, tree-diagram, and Chomsky’s deep structure. The most examples are ambiguous sentences which are triggered by syntactic ambiguity.

Key words: ambiguity; ambiguity sentence; syntactic ambiguity; functions

1.    Introduction 
1.1 The Purpose of Writing

In the daily life there are many one sentence slogans, for example “DOG FREE PARK”. Different people have different ideas. Can the dogs go to the park? This language phenomenon is called ambiguity. Ambiguity is a kind of common phenomenon in natural language. Any kinds of language have ambiguity phenomenon. Generally considered that the sentence’s structure follows the rules of grammar and the semantics stands to the logic, if it contains two or more interpretations in deep structure, ambiguity appears.