Abstract and Key Words

Abstract: Code-switching is the concurrent use of more than one language, or language variety, in conversation. Nowadays, the study of code-switching has become more and more popular among linguists. The study from the view of sociolinguistics mainly focuses on the causes and significances of code-switching. Although more and more sociolinguists are investigating this subject, the collection and analysis of language materials are still deficient. This paper studies the code-switching phenomena on campus through first-hand language materials, trying to explore the significances of code-switching intensively and creatively from a sociolinguistic view.

Key words: code-switching; sociolinguistics; social significance

摘要：语码转换是指人们在一次性对话或交谈中同时使用两种或更多的语言及变体。语码转换是许多句法学家、社会语言学家、心里语言学家关注的焦点，其中社会语言学角度的研究多是围绕语码转换发生的原因和社会意义进行探讨。虽然在国内关于校园语码转换的研究正越来越受到学者们的关注，但对校园语码转换的语料获取及分析依然不够全面。本研究通过收集第一手资料，运用社会语言学理论，力求对各种类型的校园语码转换的社会意义进行较为深入、透彻的研究，在前人的研究基础上有所创新。

关键词： 语码转换；社会语言学；社会意义
 
1. Introduction
Early researchers regard code-switching as a result of “interference”. The study of code-switching hadn’t become a focal issue among linguists until the beginning of 1970s when Gumperz finds out that there exist social significances in alternation between different languages. The history of the research of code-switching has undergone various evolutions that have shown how complex the phenomenon of code-switching is. In the course of research of code-switching, it has become clear that code-switching can be investigated from different perspectives such as pragmatics, psycolinguistics, sociolinguistics, etc. A lot of studies focus on the aspect of sociolinguistics. Gumperz studies the code switches in conversation as a social phenomenon and concluded the six basic social functions and pragmatic restrictions. These studies try to seek for the motivations behind the phenomena of code-switching through social elements (such as race, sex and social class) and the relationships between code switches from a macro-level. This perspective helps to deepen our understandings on the relationship between language and the society.
The study on code-switching in China began in the late 1980s, and has developed rapidly since the 21st century. Zhu Wanjin points out three reasons for code-switching: lacking proper expressions in speech; keeping the conversation secret from others and emphasizing some part of speech. Zhu Li discusses the social motivation of code-switching on campus. Hong Dan focuses on the social significances of code-switching on campus from the sociolinguistic view. Cao Wangru points out the three conditions of the mandarin switching to dialects, foreign languages and network catchwords.