摘要

阅读是英语教学中不可缺少的一部分。传统阅读教学过于注重教授词汇和语法而忽视了对图式知识的教授，从而产生阅读障碍。本文主要通过文献查阅法介绍了图式理论的发展过程及其三种分类：语言图式、内容图式和形式图式。设计并分析了关于图式理论在阅读中运用的教案，总结了图式理论对提高阅读能力的价值。阅读前，帮助学生激活图式并积极预测；阅读中，学生科通过图式处理文章信息；阅读后，学生可以利用图式巩固并拓展知识。最后针对将图式理论运用于英语阅读教学提出了三点建议：丰富学生头脑中的各类图式；教师需正确引导以激活学生头脑中的图式；对学生加强阅读训练。

关键词：图式理论；  运用；  阅读理解；  英语阅读教学；  高中； 

Abstract

Reading is one of the most important aspects in English teaching field. However, teachers are enthusiastic about teaching words and grammar rules rather than teaching schema knowledge influenced by the traditional reading teaching model, which causes obstacles in students’ reading comprehension. On the basis of a number of literatures, this paper stars with the introduction of the development and three types of schema theory (linguistic schema, content schema and formal schema). Then a relevant lesson plan is designed and analyzed, through which this paper proves the value of schema theory in raising levels of students’ reading comprehension. In pre-reading, teachers can help students activate corresponding schemata and then guide them use it to make predictions about discourse content. In while-reading, students can deal with text information by using schemata. In post-reading, students can consolidate and expand their reading understanding by making full use of schemata. Finally, it presents three suggestions about applying schema theory to teaching English reading, to help students enrich three kinds of schemata, to guide them properly to activate schemata and to give them more opportunities to exercise.

Key words: schema theory;  application;  students’ reading comprehension; teaching English reading;  senior high schools