摘  要

完形填空题因其内容广泛和知识、能力有机结合而受到众多命题者的青睐,它也成为各类英语测试和竞赛中的重点题。起初泰勒提出完形填空，把它当做衡量文本阅读能力的一种工具。随后，完形填空就被广泛地应用于语言能力测试和课堂练习。完形填空程序涉及到词汇、语法结构、阅读技巧、语篇结构等方面，因此是一种全面的语言能力测试手段。在国内外学者研究的基础上，本文将继续从完形填空的理论依据、类型、评分方法以及效度和信度等方面来探讨和分析等距完形填空在英语能力测试中的应用。本文将采用问卷调查和前后测作为主要研究方法。通过仔细分析研究结果并将其应用于语言测试中，以便了解不同类型的完形填空在语言能力测试中的作用。
 
关键词：完形填空；等距；语言测试应用

Abstract

It can be easily seen that cloze is becoming more and more popular because of its richness in content and excellent combination with knowledge and abilities. It has attracted great attention among the teachers of English as a foreign language and becomes a key point in English tests and competitions. Cloze is originally designed by Taylor as a tool of measurement readability of texts. However, later it is widely used in both language proficiency testing and classroom exercises with its development. In the cloze procedure, a large number of abilities are applied, such as knowledge of vocabulary, grammatical structure, reading skills, and discourse structure and so on, from which we can see that cloze is a kind of integrative testing of language proficiency. Followed with previous studies both at home and abroad on cloze procedure, this paper will continue to explore and analyze its application to English proficiency testing from the perspective of theoretical basis, types, scoring methods, and validity and reliability of cloze procedure. Then both the questionnaire and paper test which are key process on methodology will be adopted in this paper to carry out the experiments which have great impact on results. With a detailed analysis, these findings will be presented and applied to language testing in order to find a more appropriate method to measure students’ language abilities.

Key words: cloze; fixed-ratio cloze; language testing application