摘要

提问是课堂教学的重要组成部分，本文从国外教育家苏格拉底、皮亚杰以及国内教育家孔子、朱熹和叶圣陶对于课堂提问的理念入手，阐述课堂提问的重要性。随后列举了鲁子问、王笃勤等人关于课堂提问存在问题的调查研究，指出了现今课堂提问存在的普遍问题。接下来，本文通过结合作者在实习期间所积累的课堂实例，分析了关于提问的内容狭隘、形式单一、数量过多、时间安排不恰当、对象缺乏广泛性及反馈笼统这六个方面的问题。随后，本文参考了马芬关于课堂提问原则的分析，结合案例，总结了整体性、适用性、启发性、趣味性和预见性这五个原则。为了更好促进课堂提问的有效实施，作者最后提出了关于更好设计问题、提出问题、反馈评价问题的可行性策略。

关键字：课堂提问；现状；原则；策略

Abstract
Classroom questioning plays an important role in teaching. This thesis begins with the views of classroom questioning from some foreign and domestic educators, like Socrates, Piaget, Confucius, Zhu Xi and Ye Shengtao. After indicating the importance of it, the thesis lists some research results about the problems existed. They are taken from Lu Ziwen, Wang Duqin and so on. Then illustrated with a real case, this paper concludes some typical problems in the aspects of content, form, number, time and object. The following part is the principles of integrity, adaptability, inspiration, interest and predictability, which are summarized by using Ma Fen’s points for reference. To improve the efficiency of classroom questioning, the author puts forward the strategies of designing questions, asking questions and commenting questions in the end.

Key words: classroom questioning; current situation; principle; strategy

1．Introduction
Classroom teaching is a bilateral activity that teachers and students must join in together. During the process, the students and teachers communicate their knowledge and emotions with each other. And classroom questioning is regarded as the most common and effective way to achieve the goal.
Tao Xingzhi once said that all the invention began with questioning. A wise man asked a smart question while the fool asked a foolish one. (2011). Questioning plays an important role in inspiring thinking. In the class, it is the most significant teaching method to achieve the teaching goal, and also the most crucial way for the communication between teachers and students. With the help of different effective questions, students can get the learning goal more specifically and clearly, which in return can promote them to study actively. As the student is the subject of learning, it must be much easier for them to study independently and develop interest in it. What’s more, it is also of great benefit for the teachers to keep abreast of students’ study situations and timely change their teaching methods.