摘　要

语言是人类传递信息和表达情意的工具。为了在说话者和听话者之间建立起一座更流畅的交流的桥梁、树立良好的个人形象和避免交流中尴尬或冲突的出现，人们要使用礼貌用语。礼貌现象普遍存在于各种不同的文化和语言之中，它起着制约人们的言行、协调人们交际活动的作用，是人们为达到良好的交际效果所不能忽视的一个重要因素。礼貌语是人们交流中的一种优良的工具。通过使用礼貌语，人们的关系将得到润滑。礼貌语同样是成功交流的一个重要因素。本文将通过研究不同的文化、价值和礼貌原则，来对比分析中英礼貌用语。本文主要采用文献分析、归纳、举例等研究方法，让学习者更好地了解中英礼貌语。总之，更多地了解中英礼貌用语将有助于增进人们对两国文化的了解、有助于人们在日常生活中和商业等方面的交流中顺利地进行跨文化交际。

关键词：礼貌语；文化；价值

Abstract

Language is the tool for human’s information transfer and affective expression. To build a bridge for the speaker and the listener to communicate fluently, to set up a positive personal image, and to avoid the awkwardness or conflict in daily communication, people need to use polite language. Politeness phenomenon universally exists in various kinds of cultures and languages. The phenomenon plays an important role. It restricts human’s words and deeds, and coordinates human’s communicative activity. It is an important factor for reaching a good communicative effect, and it can’t be ignored. Polite language is a good tool for human’s communication. It may improve human’s relations by using polite language and is also a basic factor to achieve successful communication. This paper is to have a contrastive analysis of the polite language between England and China by studying different cultures, values, politeness principles, etc. This study mainly adopted the documentary analysis, inductive method and exemplification to help learners understand the polite language. In a word, the better understanding of English and Chinese polite language will be a big help for people to understand the cultures, and to achieve successful cross-cultural communication in daily life and in business, etc.

Key words: polite language; culture; value

1  Introduction
The most obvious characteristic of polite language is its habitualness. It is a chronic statement formed by some fixed social language and linguistic groups. It is not only the social cultural antecedents, but also the crystallization of linguistic rhetoric. Polite language reflects how the social culture and language environment condition or effect languages. It also reflects different nations’ requirement of the different communicative methods. This paper is mainly studying the similarities and differences of Chinese and English polite language. Being polite is a universal phenomenon in people’s communication. In social activities, politeness is an indispensable factor to preserve the public order and strengthen people’s relationships. The most prominent characteristic of polite language is its convention, and it is a habit which is said made up of the long-term language community and language group. It is the fruit of linguistic rhetoric and the sediment of social culture.