Study on the Anti-religion in The Time Machine 

摘要

作为英国科幻小说家赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯的成名作以及科幻小说以“时间机器”穿梭于四维空间的代表作，《时间机器》在艺术以及创作手法上达到了空前的高度。在这部小说中，威尔斯通过以主人公时间旅行者的视角，讲述了一部惊心动魄的穿越史诗，成就了一部具有丰富隐喻的反宗教主义象征意义的科幻名作。 

论文将对这部小说中的“反宗教主义”色彩的表现形式和象征的运用进行分析，并尝试讨论这样的运用对表现该小说主题的作用。文章首先阐述了小说《时间机器》的创作背景并对小说进行简要介绍，其次从找寻小说中反宗教元素的角度分析这些元素在小说中所起的作用，接着从创作手法以及象征运用方面着手分析这些元素对小说主旨的隐喻，最后通过对中国和西方不同学者对小说先前的研究总结，提出自己对小说中反宗教主题的见解。

本文不仅是对《时间机器》的内容主题的新理解，也为从创作手法以及艺术表现方面对小说的另一种解读。

关键词：《时间机器》，反宗教主义，元素，创作手法，象征运用  

Abstract
As a signature work of Herbert George Wells, The Time Machine has reached an unprecedented height not only from artistic skills but also from writing techniques. Herbert George Wells is an English science fiction author, his The Time Machine is a masterpiece of science fiction through the four-dimensional space by ‘time machine’. In this novel, Wells focus on protagonist, The Time Traveler’s perspective telling an exciting time-traveling story. So The Time Machine has become a famous science fiction which was provided with rich anti-religious metaphors and utilization of symbolism.
This thesis employs anti-religious metaphors and utilization of symbolism, mainly focusing on discussing their functions in this novel’s theme. It firstly gives a brief introduction of The Time Machine’s background and content; then it explains the effect on this novel from its perspective of finding anti-religious elements. After that, it presents main metaphors from writing techniques and utilization of symbolism by these anti-religious elements. At last, it provides some suggestions for anti-religious theme in this novel by analyzing and concluding different professors’ prior study from both domestic and foreign.
The result of this thesis not only will have a new understanding of The Time Machine’s content and theme, but also will creatively read this novel from writing techniques and utilization of symbolism.
Key words: The Time Machine, anti-religion, elements, writing techniques, utilization of symbolism