摘要 

合作原则是由语言哲学家H. P. Grice提出的有关语言交际的总原则，包含质的准则，量的准则，相关性准则以及方式准则。近年来，对于语用学的研究吸引了中外学者的注意力，人们越来越重视语用学在实际生活中的应用。

基于合作原则理论，本文将选取美剧破产姐妹中的对话台词进行分析，研究违背合作原则在美式幽默中产生的作用，进一步了解美式幽默的特点。研究发现在谈话中，说话者通过说自知虚假的话语故意违背质量准则，可以为他人保留面子，减少尴尬。交谈时违背数量准则有利于交谈者抒发真情实感。违背关系准则可以巧妙的帮助说话者转移话题，掩盖事实。在说话者想要婉拒别人时，通常通过说含糊不清或啰嗦多余的话语来表达自己内心的的不情愿。

关键词：合作原则；违背合作原则；美式幽默

Contents

Acknowledgements  i

Abstract ii

摘要 iii

1. American Humor 1

1.1. Definition of humor 1

2. The Cooperative Principle 1

2.1Definition of the Cooperative Principle 1

2.2 Previous Studies on the Cooperative Principle 2

2.3 Significance of Current Study 3

3. Demonstrations of the Violation of Cooperative Principle with 2 Broke Sisters 3

3.1 Violation of Maxim of Quality 3

3.1.1 Violation of Maxim of Quality for saving faces 4

3.1.2 Violation of Maxim of Quality for removing embarrassment 4

3.2 Violation of Maxim of Quantity 5

3.2.1 Violation of Maxim of Quantity for reducing misunderstanding 6

3.2.2 Violation of Maxim of Quantity for expressing gratitude 6

3.3 Violation of Maxim of Relation 7

3.3.1 Violation of Maxim of Relation for teasing others 7

3.3.2 Violation of Maxim of Relation for comforting others 8

3.4 Violation of Maxim of Manner 9

3.4.1 Violation of Maxim of Manner for concealing the fact 9

3.4.2 Violation of Maxim of Manner for changing the topic 10

4. Conclusion  10

Works Cited 12

Bibliography 13