摘要

词是可以独立运用的最小语言单位，也是最小的语法单位。作为最基本的语言单位，词语意义的确定在翻译过程中十分重要。词义体系的复杂性导致了多种多样的词义分类方式，本文将从词语的蕴含意义这个角度，从以下方面来探讨影响词语的意义的因素：（1）文化背景不同导致词语蕴含意义不同；（2）地理位置不同导致词语蕴含意义不同；（3）语境导致词语蕴含意义不同（4）民族和时代特征导致词语蕴含意义不同。通过分析，本文旨在说明翻译水平对翻译理论研究和实际翻译具有重要意义和指导作用。

关键词：词；文化； 蕴含意义

Abstract

Word is the minimum linguistic unit that can be used independently, and also the smallest grammatical units. As the most basic language units, the determination of lexical meanings in the process of translating is very important. The complexity of meaning system results in various classification approaches. Based on associative meanings, this paper is devoted to explore the factors influencing the meaning of words as following: 1.the cultural background’s influence on word’s associative meaning; 2. the geographical position’s influence on word’s associative meaning; 3. the context’s influence on word’s associative meaning; 4.the national characteristics and the sign of times’ influence on word’s associative meaning. Through the analysis, this thesis aims at proving that translation standard has been of great value and guiding significance to translation theory and translation practice.

Key words: word；culture；associative meaning

1. Introduction

Language is a tool for communication, as well as a carrier for presenting the thoughts and feelings of people. Word is the basic meaning unit of language and the most active composition of language. By words，language reflects people's work, life, study and psychology. Due to the different national history, geography, religion and values, there will be different associative meaning of the same word. Realizing this point we can acquire the associative meaning more precisely. The referential meaning of a word is the kernel, which refers to the object clearly and directly. However, the associative meaning of a word is bounded with people’s mind, which includes emotional coloring and cultural diversity. So in different language environment, the same word will have different meanings and values.