Abstract

    Methodology of Discourse Analysis has been widely used in the study of languages in recent years, because of its objectiveness and practicality. Political speech is one type of English for specific purpose, used in foreign affairs.The intention of this paper is to discourse some basic theories of methodology of discourse analysis and reveal the characteristics of political speech through the study of the application of methodology theories in analyzing oral English political speech discourse. In this thesis the theory of Methodology of Discourse Analysis are divided into five types. Combined with this methodology, Obama's two famous speeches will be discussed. Through this study, the author has explored the relationships between languages used in political discourse and the ideology.

Key Words: discourse analysis  methodology  Obama’s speech

摘 要

    话语分析方法论以其科学性和适用性在当今的语言研究中得到广泛应用。英语政治社交演讲是涉外活动中使用的一种特殊用途英语。本文的目的就是通过研究话语分析方法论理论在该英语口语语篇分析的实际应用，讨论话语分析方法论的基本理论以及揭示政治社交演讲英语的语篇特点。话语分析方法论理论主要通过结构分析、认知分析、社会文化分析、批评分析和综合分析五大类实现对一个语篇的分析。话语分析方法论理论在分析实际应用的语言方面有着其特有的优势，用它来分析英语政治社交演讲英语语篇能够更好的揭示其特点。本文将话语分析方法论应用于美国总统奥巴马的两篇演讲，将读者阐释政治社交演讲中的语言特点。

关键词：语篇分析 方法论 奥巴马演讲

1 Introduction
 Discourse Analysis is composed of discourse of both written and spoken forms. The complexity and diversity of discourse often leads to multiple ways of doing discourse analysis. (Brown, G. and Yule, G., 1983, p.24) Formally, discourse analysis branches off into text analysis and conversation analysis (CA). Methodologically, discourse analysis can be divided into five types, i.e. Structural Discourse Analysis, Socio-cultural Discourse Analysis, Cognitive Discourse Analysis, Critical Discourse Analysis and Integrated Discourse Analysis.