摘 要

在《乌托邦》中，托马斯•莫尔描绘了一个与世隔离的理想乡——乌托邦。无独有偶，1000年前的东方，陶渊明也描绘了一个遗世独立的人间仙境——桃花源。而国内外对于二者的研究从来没有中断过，并引申出了一系列的文化产品。中西文化各自有着数千年的历史，基于各自的社会背景以及政治氛围，两篇文章建立了差异很大的两种理想乡模式，表达了对理想社会的期待。战乱的生活以及社会上的种种不公与压迫催动作者对现实社会做出反思，并在笔下描绘出理想之中的美好社会，以达到讥讽现实的目的。桃花源内的人民远离战争与贫穷，过着平静安宁的生活，从事着简单的农业生活，自给自足；乌托邦的人们则是人人劳动，各取所需，实行的是先进的公有主义制度，并且有着高雅的文化休闲与娱乐，没有任何的罪恶与堕落。本文从时间与地点，工作与生活，休闲娱乐，可实现性以及作者写作原因等方面剖析，深入比较二者的异同，以更好地了解理想村的概念，并通过当前的问题，了解中国和西方文化的特点，借此达到目的文化的交流。

关键词：乌托邦；桃花源；相同；差异；原因
 
Abstract

In Utopia，Thomas More describes a beautiful island----Utopia. Coincidentally, 1000 years ago in the east, the poet and writer, Tao Yuanming also describes an aloof paradise from the world---- the Peach Blossom Valley. Domestic research of the Peach Blossom Valley and Utopia has been a subject of enduring, and extends a series of cultural products. The Chinese and Western culture have a history for thousands of years. According to their social background and political atmosphere, the two articles establish two different modes of the ideal village, which expresses the expectation of an ideal society. The wars and social injustice and oppression push the writers to make reflection of social reality and describe the ideal society in paper, to achieve the real purpose of irony. People in The Peach Blossom Valley are far away from the wars and poverty, and they have a quiet and peaceful life. They work by thenselves in the simple agricultural life to reach self-sufficiency. In Utopia, all people work to get what they need, and they have the advanced social system of public ownership. Otherwises, people there have an elegant cultural leisure and entertainment, and there is no sin and depravity. This paper will compare the similarities and differences between the two paradises through time and place, work and life, entertainment, feasibility, and the reasons for writing. The final goal is to better understand the concept of the ideal village, and through the current problem, to understand the characteristics of Chinese and Western culture, to achieve the purpose of cultural exchange.

Keywords: Utopia; the Peach Blossom Valley; Similarity; Difference; Reason