摘 要

在跨文化商务交往中，一封礼貌的英文商务信函，不仅可以树立良好的企业形象，而且还能营造和谐商务人际关系。在商务信函写作中，礼貌是其中一个不可或缺的原则。
本文基于英国著名语言学家G．N．Leech的礼貌原则，通过分析商务信函中礼貌及其策略的实现和使用，从而让人们在商务沟通中更好地了解礼貌在商务信函中的重要作用，和更有效地运用礼貌策略来实现自己的交际意图。礼貌原则是G．N．Leech在Goffman和Brown＆Levinson的研究及Grice的合作原则的基础上提出的。这一原则共分六条准则：1)机智准则；2)慷慨准则；3)赞誉准则；4)谦虚准则；5)同意准则；6)同情准则。
其次，论文分析了英语商务信函中引用礼貌原则的必要性。通过探寻何种礼貌原则被应用于英语商务信函中，它们被怎样运用以及为什么这样运用，发现一封表达合理的英语商务信函中通常会引用一种甚至多种礼貌准则。同时举例分析了商务信函中违反礼貌原则的不恰当表达并提出相应的改进方法，从而找出商务信函礼貌策略的潜在规律，并提出一些礼貌原则在商务书信写作中的应用策略。礼貌原则在商务信函写作中的正确运用，有效保证了商务活动的良好进行。
  
关键词：礼貌原则；英语商务信函；语用学；礼貌策略
 
Abstract

With the development of the international trade, English business correspondence has gradually played an important role in the trade activities. In the international business transaction, a polite English business letter can not only set a good image of the corporate, but also create harmonious business relationship. In that case, a polite and appropriate way of writing is essential.
Based on the famous English linguist G.N.Leech 's“Politeness principle”, the thesis analyses the implementation of politeness and its policy in the business correspondence, with an aim to raise the public awareness of the importance of the politeness in the business communication and enable people more effectively to apply the politeness strategy to achieve the communication goal. Politeness principle was put forward by G．N．Leech on the basis of the research by Goffman, Brown＆Levinson as well as Grice’s “cooperative principle” . The appropriate use of the “politeness principle” in the business correspondence writing can help guarantee the success of the business activities.
    The present study gives an overview about PP and English business correspondence and analyses the necessity of applying PP in English business correspondence. It aims to explore how the politeness maxims are applied in the English business correspondence writing, and for what reason they are applied in this way. It is found that a successful English business correspondence always applies one or more maxims appropriately. Meanwhile, it gives examples of improper expression and offers further explanations to improve them. In this way, it puts forward some politeness strategies used in the business correspondence writing.

Keywords: politeness principle; English business correspondence; pragmatics; politeness strategies