摘要

我国目前处于转型时期，青年的价值观念和行为方式上变化很大。他们的价值取向是个人主义的，还是集体主义的？一直是学者争论的热点。本文将探究在中国社会经济转型的时期，中国大学生的价值取向是否发生了变化。
Hofstede著名的跨文化理论告诉我们，集体主义和个人主义是一个文化维度的两个极。中国的集体主义倾向比较明显，人们讲究团队的和谐，集体的利益高于个人的利益。另一方面，他强调，只要国家财富增长，该国家公民的个人主义倾向将会不同程度的增长。另外，Lowe1993年在中国香港曾做过问卷调查，研究发现人们的个人主义倾向在增加。       
本研究将根据Hofstede的理论设计问卷，做定量研究。受试的大学生对问卷中的19个问题,其中14 项问题给出了明显个人主义倾向的答复。统计结果支持了Hofstede 的理论，即国家财富的增长成为影响其公民集体主义——个人主义倾向变化的主要因素。在中国经济转型的过渡时期，中国大学生有着明显的个人主义倾向。

关键字：价值观念，实证研究，集体主义及个人主义， 倾向， 中国大学生，国家财富

ABSTRACT

China is processing the transition of the social form, which greatly affects the youths’ value system. The issue whether Chinese college students’ orientation towards individualism and collectivism has changed is controversial among the scholars. This thesis tends to explore this change.
In Hofstede’s theory, collectivism and individualism are two poles of one cultural dimension. China is a strongly collectivist country, where people pay more attention to the harmony of the group. The interests of collectivity are more important than those of the individual. In addition, Hofstede proposes that so long as the national wealth grows, the citizens of the nation will have an increased individualist orientation. Meanwhile, Lowe found that people in Hong Kong, China had an increased individualist orientation in his 1993 survey.
The methodology of the thesis is questionnaire, by which major findings are gained: Participating college students’ responses towards 14 items (out of 19) are obviously individualist orientation. The statistics prove Hofstede’s theory: the growth of national wealth is indeed a key factor affecting the individualist orientation of its citizens. And Chinese college students have a high individualist orientation.

Key words: value system,  empirical study， collectivism and individualism，orientation，Chinese college students,  national wealth