摘要

20世纪90年代以来，由于全球一体化的逐渐形成，中国的经济也迅速发展，成为世界最大的发展中国家，不仅在经济方面影响了他国，还将本国的文化带入了世界，而美国作为一个世界上最发达的国家，已经开始着力研究中国的经济，文化，历史等各种方面的研究，因此孔子学院和各种研究中国文化的课题在美国逐渐出现，不同层面，不同角度的全方位研究正在不断深入。加上中美贸易的加强，中美交流逐渐增多，近年来，国内外有关中美文化差异的相关专题研究的论文也相继发表，为中美文化差异的研究奠定了基础。
中美使用两种不同的语言——汉语和英语，它们各自反映着本身独特的文化背景和凝重的历史传统，因而在语言表达上也存在着许多差异。在日益频繁的中美文化交流中，日常交谈日益增多，为了更好地壮大自己的文化，加强我国与美国的交往，通过日常交谈用语的差异性研究来透视出中美文化差异的研究势在必行。
本文在跨文化交际的理论基础上，以内容分析和举例分析为主要研究方法，致力于研究中国与美国的文化差异，首先阐述中美两国的文化历史背景，其次是中美日常用语，包括称谓用语，礼貌用语，话题选择，比喻用语，交际套用用语等来进行对比分析。最后是对对比后的结果进行分析，提出加强文化交流的方法和必要性，强调各行各业对中美文化研究的必要性。
本文不仅是文化研究文献的必要补充，也为中美两国国民交流，跨国公司的打入市场参与竞争提供参考依据。

关键词：跨文化交际，日常用语，中国文化，美国文化，文化差异

Abstract

Since the 90s of the 20th century, due to the gradual formation of globalization, the rapid development of China's economy has become the world's largest developing country, which will not only have an effect on the economy , but also their own culture in the world. The United States, as one of the world's most developed countries, have begun to focus on the study of Chinese economic, cultural, historical and other research, so the Confucius Institute and the subject of various studies of Chinese culture in the United States began to emerge at different levels, different angle ,and the full study is being continued to deepen. Coupled with the strengthening of Sino-US trade, China-US exchanges increased gradually in recent years, and, Sino-US cultural differences at home and abroad on topics related to research papers have also published while studies of Sino-US cultural differences laid the foundation.
China and United States use two different languages - Chinese and English, which reflects their own unique cultural background and dignified history and tradition, and thus also in language there are many differences. In the increasingly frequent cultural exchanges between China and the U.S., the number of daily conversation is increasing. In order to better strengthen their own culture, to strengthen exchanges between China and the United States, the study on the language of everyday conversation to look into the research potential in the cultural differences is inevitable.
In this paper, the analysis and examples of content analysis as the main research methods are based on the theory of intercultural communication, and work on the cultural differences between China and the United States. First, it described the cultural and historical background of the two countries, followed by China and the U.S. everyday language, including forms of address, polite language, topic selection, analogy terms of language, communication applied to comparative analysis. Then, the results will be analyzed, and ways to strengthen cultural exchanges and the necessity of all walks of life stressed the need for American Studies.
This is not only a necessary complement to the literature and cultural studies, but also for China and the U.S. national exchanges, multinational companies into the market to compete to provide reference.

Key words: cross-cultural communication, everyday language, Chinese culture, American culture ，cultural difference