摘要

中西酒文化的不同在于：在酒的用料与品类上，中国最具特色、最著名的是用粮食酿造的粮食酒；西方则是用葡萄酿的葡萄酒。在酿造工艺上，中国讲究料、水、曲三者统一，采用固态、复式发酵法；西方以料为核心，采用液态、单式发酵法。
对酒文化核心的比较，包括关于“酒”的词语表达、酒史、酒礼、酒风等。中华习俗中酒为杜康所造，而西方认为酒为神造。中国人喝酒要遵从诸多礼节，喝酒讲究感情，为示友好和诚意劝酒，让对方多喝。而西方从不劝酒。中国视酒为工具，意不在酒，酒文化采用了诗歌这种文化载体；西方视酒为艺术品，拥有魅力和生命，酒文化重要采用音乐这个载体。
中西酒文化不但历史悠久，蕴涵丰富，而且同中有异，异中有同。酒文化的研究对于中西方文化交流具有重要意义。

关键字：酒文化，    饮食文化，    中西， 比较

ABSTRACT

In the differences of material and category, China’s most unique, most notably wine is made from food; in the west, the most popular wine is made from grape. In the brewing process, the Chinese pay attention to materials, water and distiller’s yeast. Unifying the three, with solid, double fermentation; the west, on the other hand, pay attention only to the material, using liquid, single-type fermentation.
The comparison of the core of wine culture includes “wine” expressions, wine history, wine manners and wine culture. Chinese people think wine was made by Dukang, an ordinary human being. On the other hand, the West believes the God made wine. Chinese people follow a lot of etiquette when they drink wine. At the same time, we pay attention to emotions behind the wine. Wine is a way to show our friendship and sincerity. So we offer others to drink more. The west never asks other people to drink more than they want. Chinese regards wine as a tool. The answer never is wine itself. Chinese wine culture takes poetry as its carrier; the west regards wine as art, having charm and life. They use music as its carrier.
Chinese and western wine culture both have a long history and rich in meaning. There are similarities as well as differences. The study of wine culture means a lot to the intercommunication between Chinese and the West.

Key words: Wine culture,  Food culture,  Chinese and the West,  Comparison

1  Introduction
Wine culture is a general address for material culture in the process of wine production, sale and consumption as well as spiritual culture. It includes production method, tasting method, function, history and other cultural phenomena. Material characteristics of wine itself and the soul of wine formed in the process of tasting are both specific cultural patterns in the wine making and drinking activities. As a special cultural carrier, wine has a unique position in human interactions. Wine culture has permeated the life of human society in various fields. It makes huge influences on literature and art, health and medication, agricultural and industrial production as well as political and economic.