摘 要
   
语言的间接使用现象十分普遍，早就引起了众多语言学家的注意和研究。本文旨在从合作原则角度分析语言的间接性及其幽默效果，同时以美剧《绝望的主妇》为例进行个案分析。《绝望的主妇》是一部热播的美国情景喜剧，是现代美国生活的一个真实缩影，其中人物的语言很多违反了合作原则这一语用理论，并且存在大量的语言间接性现象。
本文首先介绍语言间接性的概念和特征，进而回顾了奥斯汀的言语行为理论和舍尔的间接言语行为理论。本文将重点研究违反合作原则情况下的间接语言所带来的幽默效果。合作原则，语言间接性是文章的理论基础，其发展过程，特征和意义等被逐一讨论。第四章重点分析了从合作原则角度看语言间接性带来的幽默效果，即出于违反合作原则的四条准则而产生的幽默效果。
此外，该研究可能会具有以下三方面的意义：第一，通过再次研究老生常谈的合作原则有可能为该理论找到新的研究价值；第二，通过分析《绝望的主妇》中丰富多彩的台词，有可能从某种程度上为语言间接性研究提供新的语料；第三，通过分析《绝望的主妇》中的日常对话来分析违反合作原则的间接语言所带来的幽默效果，以期对人们的日常生活交际有所启发。

关键词：合作原则；语言间接性；幽默效果

ABSTRACT

Indirect use of language is a very widespread phenomenon, which has long attracted the attention and research of many linguists. This thesis aims to analyze the language from the perspective of Cooperative Principle (CP) and indirect communication effects, which takes the American TV series Desperate Housewives as an example for case study. Desperate Housewives is a hit American sitcom, a true modern American life in microcosm, in which the language of many characters violates CP pragmatic theory and there are many applications of Indirectness.
Beginning with concept and features of Indirectness，the paper then reviews Austin’s Speech Act Theory and Searle’s Indirect Speech Act Theory. This article will focus on the humorous effects brought by the indirect language from the viewpoint of CP. CP and Indirectness are the theoretical basis of this article, and their developing process, characteristics and significances will be discussed. As the critical part, Chapter four discusses humorous effects generated by Indirectness from the viewpoint of CP, analyzing violation of four maxims of CP.
In addition, the study may have significances in the following three aspects: Firstly, by using the old theory-CP, it is possible to find some new and unique value for the theoretical study; secondly, by analyzing the Desperate Housewives’ colorful lines, it is likely to provide new materials for the research of indirectness; thirdly, through a profound analysis of the daily conversation of "Desperate Housewives" where the indirect language violates the cooperative principle thus bring humorous effects ,some enlightenments may be gained for our daily life.

Key words: Cooperative Principle; Indirectness; Humorous Effects