Abstract:

Rock and Roll appeared in the mid-1950s, whose main foundation is R&B. Rock and Roll has numerous branches, complex forms and different styles. With its strong performing forms, it is fond of by the majority of teenagers. The United States, after the Second World War, under the administration of Dwight Eisenhower, witnessed the rapid economic development. But the civil rights movement, the counter-culture movement and the Vietnam War brought instability and insecurity to American society. The production and propagation of Rock and Roll are dependent on the particular social culture background at that time. It had a profound effect on the mainstream culture in US at different levels, including the concept of race, time spirit and core values, once marked the culture trend at that time.
Due to the absorption of a variety of black music and white country music styles, Rock and Roll formed a diversified characteristic of popular music singing form. Its social meaning and cultural meaning are far beyond the sense of itself. This paper attempts to analyze and discuss its significant impact on American mainstream culture at that time through the cause of the rise of rock music in the 1960s, as well as the positive role which Rock and Roll played on the contemporary American culture, thus advocating the understanding of American mainstream culture and core values.

Key words: Rock and Roll; America; mainstream culture;1960s

摘  要：

摇滚乐出现于20世纪50年代中期，节奏布鲁斯是其主要根基。摇滚乐分支众多，形态复杂，风格迥异，以其强烈的演奏形式而深受广大青少年的喜爱。二战以后的美国，在艾森豪威尔的执政下，经济上虽然发展迅速，但民权运动，反文化运动，越南战争等给美国社会带来了动荡与不安。摇滚乐的产生与传播离不开当时特殊的社会文化背景，摇滚乐的兴起则集中体现了1960年代美国社会的变迁和社会矛盾，它对于美国主流文化各个层面，包括种族观，时代精神和价值观等方面产生了深刻的影响，一度成为当时的文化潮流标志。
摇滚乐由于吸收了多种黑人音乐和白人乡村音乐的风格，形成了多元化音乐特征的的大众流行音乐演唱形式，它所产生的社会意义和文化意义大大超出了其本身具有的风格意义。本文试图通过20世纪60年代摇滚乐兴起的原因，来分析并讨论摇滚乐对当时美国主流文化产生的重大影响以及对当代美国社会的积极作用，从而加深对60年代美国主流文化与价值观的理解。

关键字：摇滚乐; 美国; 主流文化; 20世纪60年代