Abstract

Political document, a written or drawn representation of moral, belief and power of administrating citizens and distributing interests, reflects the cultural elements of the nation. China and U.S. are experiencing cooperation and dispute with each other, and the political documents from the two nations respectively illustrate varied views on certain issues. Hence, China and U.S. need deepen mutual understanding of the cultural elements of each nation. The thesis chooses cultural elements as the entry point; compares the discrepancy and similarity of cultural elements in both China and U.S; and attempts to unveil the profound mystery behind the divergence of Sino-U.S. political documents. The aim is to enable the reader to deeply understand the diversity of political documents and the significance of cross cultural communication.
The thesis consists of four parts. The paper firstly defines culture and clarifies the scope of it. Next, the paper introduces political documents in three parts: the definition, the objective and the relationship with cultural elements. By providing three specific reports and speeches as the comparative samples, the third part analyzes the three key elements—diction, rhetorical device and mood— of linguistic styles respectively applied in the political documents of the two nations. The fourth part aims to manifest the cultural elements and their origins behind the comparative samples.

key words: political document; cultural elements; differences and similarities.     

摘  要

作为关于管理公民和分配利益的道德、信念和权力的体现，政治文献反映出了国家的文化因素。目前中美两国既有合作又有分歧。在具体事件上，两国的政治文献也体现出了不同的态度。因此，中美两国应深化了解各方政治文献中的文化因素。本文选择政治文献中的文化因素为切入点，试图通过比较中国和美国文化元素的差异和相似性来揭开中美政治文献分歧背后的根源，让读者能够深化理解政治文献的异同和跨文化交际的重要性。
全文共分四个部分。第一部分阐述文化的定义和范围；第二部分阐述政治文献的一些特征，即定义、目的和文化元素的关系；第三部分用三组具体报告和讲话作为对照样本进行比较，从措辞、修辞手段和情态角度分析两个国家的政治文献风格；第四部分主要分析了对照样本中的文化元素及其渊源。

关键词：政治文献;文化因素; 异同。