Abstract

In the United States, Black history occupies a position that cannot be overlooked. From the very beginning, blacks suffer from the discrimination and segregation, even massacre and persecution from whites. As a result, the Blacks later gave rise to Black civil rights movement for the sake of civil rights, which ultimately have been legalized. As far as I am concerned, subjects involving the Blacks have been always considered as historical and present hot issues in America. Due to the constant efforts and countless sacrifices, the social status and the civil rights of the black community has been improved.
The Great Debaters is a film adaptation based on a true story, occurred in the first half of 20th century, in Texas, that a man named Melvin Tolson, a teacher, led his debating team consists of black students only to challenge Harvard University debating authority. The author starts the analysis with this film on the basis of the historical background of the stories in order to introduce the reader changes of social status of the Black community , and the significance of the Black civil rights movement in the 20th century as well as the impact on future generations. In the end, the author would like to show the significance of his thesis, that is democracy, equality, and freedom are the inevitable trend of development of the whole world.

Key words : black social status; discrimination; segregation; black civil rights movement

摘  要

在美国，黑人历史占据着不容忽视的地位。从很久以前开始，黑人便遭受着白人的种族歧视和种族隔离制度，甚至遭到白人的迫害与屠杀。因此，为了寻求自身的民权，黑人群体随后在美国掀起了一波又一波民权运动，最终他们的权利得到了合法化。据笔者所知，有关黑人的主题一直备受关注，是美国历史和当前的热点话题。最终依靠不断地努力和无数的牺牲，黑人社会地位以及民主权力受到了保护，都得到了改善。
《激辩风云》是一部由真实故事改编的电影。故事发生在20世纪上半叶的德克萨斯州，一个名叫梅尔文达尔森的黑人老师，带领着他的黑人学生辩论队，最终向哈佛大学辩论权威发起挑战的精彩故事。笔者欲以此片为出发点，以故事发生的历史背景为基础，向读者们介绍黑人社会地位的变化，20世纪黑人民权运动的意义以及黑人民权运动对后世的影响。最后，笔者会陈述本论文的主题意义——民主、平等和自由是整个社会发展的必然趋势。

关键词:黑人社会地位；种族歧视；种族隔离；民权运动