Abstract

The feminist movement taking place in America is the product of several factors including economy, politics, and culture and so on. This paper begins with a brief introduction to the feminist movement, and then presents in detail three major theories of feminism—radical feminism, Marxist feminism and ecofeminism—in terms of their respective main standpoints and insufficiencies. Finally，the unities of different feminist groups, as well as the future of the feminism, are also briefly discussed.

Key words: radical feminism, Marxist feminism, ecofeminism

摘 要

发生在美国的女权主义运动是经济、政治及文化等因素的产物。本文首先简要介绍了美国女权主义运动，进而阐述了三种女权主义理论——激进女权主义、马克思主义女权主义和生态女权主义各自的主要立场以及不足之处，最后就不同女权主义派别之间的契合点及女权主义的未来展开了简要的讨论。

关键词：激进女权主义，马克思主义女权主义，生态女权主义

1.    Introduction
It is very obvious in American history that women hold up half the sky. Since America stood up in the world history, women were playing important roles—wife who could work as hard as a man, mother who could bring up the young generation and hero who could defend the independence of the nation… However, this couldn’t make them equal to men. Like other groups with little rights, American women set foot on the road of pursuing equality.
After the passage of the 19th Amendment which gave women the right to vote, the first feminist movement in the United States virtually ended. Though there were still feminist groups continuing to promote women’s equal rights in particular areas, they weren’t able to have their ideas spread beyond their organizations, nor could they launch campaigns to a scale that would match the suffrage movement. However, as we all know, the movement was not incidental but needed lots of prerequisites when it took place at that time.