Abstract

  Marriage is the mirror of a society and the changes of marriage view reflect the social reality developments over periods. The marriage system underwent great changes with the improvement of western civilization, and so did the marriage view. So, the research to the marriage view developments of western countries is an access to understand the western culture. This paper mainly discusses the developments of marriage view over three periods by analyzing three works; each representing one period respectively: anti-Patriarchy idea in Tom Jones during Enlightenment Period， anti Christianity idea in Jude the Obscure during Critical Realism Period, and the development of feminism in marriage in To the Lighthouse during Modernism Period. Also, this paper tries to attribute the changes to such factors as the Enlightenment, the Reformation, the Industrial Revolution, the movements for women's rights and so on. In conclusion, different developments of marriage view in history are mainly caused by different extent of the capitalism developments，and these changes witness the progresses of the society as well.

Key words: marriage view, anti-Patriarchy, anti Christianity, feminism, capitalism

摘要
 
  婚姻一直以来都是社会的一面镜子，而婚姻观的历时性发展反映一定历史中各个时期的社会状况。随着西方文明的进步发展，婚姻制度进行了一系列的变革，而人们的婚姻观也随之改变了。因此，对于西方国家婚姻观变化发展的研究对于我们更好地了解西方文化是很重要的。本文从分析三个时期的三篇不同作品出发，主要讨论了这三个时期婚姻观的不同发展：启蒙主义时期作品《汤姆琼斯》中反映出的反父权主义，批判现实主义时期作品《无名的裘德》中反映出的反基督教主义，以及现代主义时期作品《灯塔行》中反映出的在婚姻中日益发展的女性主义思想。同时，本文还阐述了影响婚姻观的一些相关因素，例如启蒙主义运动，宗教改革，工业革命，女权主义运动等等。总而言之，各个时期婚姻观的不同发展主要是由于资本主义的不同程度的发展而产生的,而这些发展也恰恰体现出了社会的不断进步。

关键词：婚姻观; 反父权; 反基督教; 女性主义; 资本主义