[摘要]

由于人体生理构造的相似性以及汉英民族地域、生态环境、宗教文化的差异性，映射到道德域以及社会等级域的色彩意义既有重合又有分离。有些色彩词从正面的积极意义向负面的消极意义方向的发展。通过对英汉色彩词两极性的语用对比，有助于减少语用失误，由于英汉两种语言受它所赖以形成和发展的文化背景的作用和影响，颜色词语被赋予了不同的语用意义，或称文化内涵。同样的颜色词，在不同的文化中可能具有完全不同的隐含意义，其意义往往是“意在颜外”，有的甚至“大相径庭”。因此，本文通过对英汉色彩词两极性以及语用意义进行对比研究，有助于减少语用失误，促进跨文化交流。

[关键词]英汉色彩词；语用对比

Abstract:

Color words are representative of language forms reflecting human beings’ cognition of natural color in the objective world and almost exist in any language in the world．The formation of bipolarity is owing to the nature, the experiment of human life and religions. Human universal visual-conceptual system and different national geography, environment, religions and cultures bring to some overlaps as well as separation to color words. Some color words shift from the positive to the negative, showing the bipolarity of color words, adhering to the complexity of ecology and human nature.[1] Exploration the similarities and differences of English and Chinese color words provides a comprehensive understanding of their pragmatic bipolarity, thus reducing pragmatic failures and promoting cross-cultural communication. Because both English and Chinese language is impacted by the development of cultural background, color words are endowed with different pragmatic meaning, or called culture connotation. The same color words may have a completely different implicit meaning and associative meaning in different culture. Exploration of these differences can promote cross-cultural communication.

Key words: English and Chinese color words; pragmatic comparison

1. Introduction
We live in a colorful world. There are great varieties of color words or a large number of color expressions denoting the sensation of color and describing the colorful things in the world. Although differing in their quantities in the color inventory of different languages, basic color terms construct the prototypes around which all the color terms can be divided into different categories of color terms. Color words have a close relationship with our life. Color itself is a kind of objective reality. It has the same essence to each nation which will lead to this sense of association and cause the change of feelings. But each nation has different understandings of the color, especially the nation endowing it the analogy and association meaning which is full of their nation's cultural characteristics.[2] So "color words" in different languages convey different cultural information and plays their significance in practical application.