摘要

本文介绍在国际贸易结算中的托收支付。 托收作为一种特殊而且重要的支付方式，发挥着汇付、信用证和其他汇付方式所不具备的重要作用，尤其是出口贸易竞争日趋激烈的今天，利用托收与其他支付相结合的方式，可以为出口贸易争取更多的客源，有利于出口有效性的提高。很多企业在出口贸易中往往会忽略风险因素的存在，风险识别和防范能力薄弱，甚至降低出口贸易支付门槛，因此出现风险带来的坏账和呆账等问题。作为一个出口贸易的大国， 我国应该在经济危机对出口产生影响的新环境之下，综合各种国际的宏观经济和政治因素，采用行之有效的托收风险防范措施，针对出口贸易出现的一系列支付风险问题进行深化和探讨。

关键词  出口贸易，托收支付，风险防范

Abstract

My paper discusses about the international trade settlement. Documentary Collection is a special and important payment term. It plays an important role that remittance, letters of credit and other remittance way do not have. In an increasingly competitive export trade today, if collection combines with other payment terms, we can win more customers for the export trade, and help improve the effectiveness of export. Many enterprises in the export trade will ignore the presence of the risk factors, and their risk identification and prevention capacity are weak, as a result it will cause bad debt risks and other issues. As a large export country, when we face the new environment of economic crisis on exports, we should try to bring together various international macroeconomic and political factors, take effective measures to prevent these risks, and have a deep discussion on risk aversion.

Keywords  exporting, documentary collection, risk precautions

1  Introduction 
After the reform and opening up, along with China’s growing economic strength and the continuous development of China’s import and export, China has to really keep in step with the economic globalization trend. In international trade, Documentary Collection is one of the main payment arrangements; occupying a high percentage in international settlement. Because Documentary Collection is a settlement arrangement based on commercial credit, research on how to avoid risks is of great significance.
With the continuous development of the international trade, the trade competition becomes more and more fierce. A buyer's market has formed in the world. In the situation of a buyer’s market, if the exporters want to attract the buyers to expand trade and market, they have to supply goods with high quality and low price as a means of competition, especially give the importer a certain concessions in the form of payment, thus providing more competitiveness in terms of trade for the importer. Therefore, in the form of payment, the exporter usually reduces or even gives up the use of the letter of credit, then use the payment terms that the importers are willing to adopt, like Documentary Collection and payment on credit. They are always used in international settlement for trade mainly instead of non L/C mode. However, as the Documentary Collection belongs to the commercial credit after all, if used improperly, exporters will suffer huge losses, and we must attach great importance to it.