摘要

模糊性是语言的基本属性。恰当地使用模糊限制语能增强语言的表现力和交际效果，使语言表达更缓和含蓄、礼貌客气、灵活有效，从而更好地改善和维系人际关系。综观国内外过去对模糊限制语的研究，对政治演说辞中的模糊限制语的研究较少。本文选用政治演说中的例子作为分析材料，以合作原则、礼貌原则等语用原则作为理论基础，从语用学的角度尝试研究政治演说中的不同类型的模糊限制语的语用功能。结果表明，政治演说中的模糊限制语在增强说服力，赢得认同和支持；委婉表达，保全双方面子；避免承担责任，采取自我保护；和增强灵活性和主观性等方面具有重要意义。

关键词：模糊限制语；政治演讲；合作原则；礼貌原则；语用功能

Abstract

Fuzziness is an essential feature of language. With hedges appropriately used, people are able to strengthen the expressive force and communicative effects of language, make expressions more implicative and gentler, more polite and flexible, and thus improve and maintain interpersonal relationships. Viewing comprehensively, we find that research about hedges abroad and at home aiming at hedges in political speeches seems far from sufficient. In this paper, the author selects examples in political speeches as analysis materials and tries analyzing the pragmatic functions of different kinds of hedges in political speeches from the perspective of pragmatics, taking the Cooperative Principle and the Politeness Principle as theoretical bases. The study shows that hedges employed in political speeches play a vital role in strengthening persuasion and obtaining approval and support, being euphemistic and saving faces of both sides, avoiding undertaking risks and adopting self-protection and heightening flexibility and objectivity.

Key Words: hedges; political speech; Cooperative Principle; Politeness Principle; pragmatic function