摘  要

英语外贸函电是外贸业务交流和沟通的常规方法，在对外贸易中扮演着重要的桥梁作用，如何得体的拒绝客户的要求却成了英语外贸函电中的难题。通过查阅拒绝的含义, 拒绝在一定程度上是威胁听者或读者面子的言语行为，因此，要采取策略进行补救。本文通过分析英语外贸函电中的拒绝策略：直接策略和间接策略（规约策略）两种，从间接策略的语言间接性特点出发，分析礼貌原则，面子理论。从直接策略角度延伸至合作原则的探讨。在前人研究的基础之上更加深入的从外贸函电的两种拒绝策略出发进一步研究其在应用中所体现的礼貌原则以及合作原则等的语用原则，做到两者的有机统一，透测具体。并详细的介绍了间接拒绝时的相关方式与窍门如感谢，陈述，承诺，建议等方法。为以后外贸函电的实际操作提供借鉴，促进了外贸的和谐有序进行。

关键词：英语外贸函电； 拒绝策略； 语用原则

Abstract

Foreign trade correspondence is frequently used in the foreign trade communication which plays an important connective role in foreign trading. However, how to refuse clients in a decent way seems to be a tough question. According to some materials refusal in some ways is a face-threatening speech act. Thus, there should be some strategies to make it up. By analyzing refusal strategies: direct refusal and indirect refusal (conventional refusal) respectively, the paper will make use of the indirect character of conventional refusal to analyze the politeness principle and face- threatening theory. As for the direct refusal, it will be closely connected with cooperation principle. Led by the previous studies of refusal strategies and their pragmatic analysis, the paper continues with the discussion in a more detailed way. For example, it combines the refusal strategies with pragmatic analysis such as politeness and cooperation principles. What’s more, the paper introduces some useful tips and devices in indirect refusal, such as gratitude device, statement device, assurance device, proposal device and so on which do some good to the later practical foreign trade operation, promoting it in a more harmonious way.

Key words: foreign trade correspondence; refusal strategies; pragmatic analysis