摘要

幽默在我们的日常会话中很常见的，它是一种语言艺术，可以由各种原因引起的。本文将在H.P.Grice推导的合作原则的理论基础上分析为了实现一些交际意图而违反语用学的一个重要标准¬——Grice的合作原则，从而产生的幽默。合作原则主要表现为四个准则：量的准则，质的准则，关系准则和方式准则。如果运用的适当，幽默会成为日常生活中改善人际关系，让别人感到舒适的一个重要工具。

关键词：幽默；合作原则；量的准则；质的准则；关系准则；方式准则

Abstract
Humor is very common in our daily conversation and it is a kind of language art that can be caused by a variety of reasons. This paper will analyze the humor achieved by violating Grice’s Cooperative Principle, an important standard of Pragmatics, in order to realize some communication intention, which is based on the theory of Cooperative Principles formulated by H.P.Grice: the maxim of quality, the maxim of quantity, the maxim of relevance and the maxim of manner. By applying it appropriately, humor sometimes can be a significant tool for improving interpersonal relationship and making others feel comfortable in daily life.

Key words:    humor; Cooperative Principle; the maxim of quality; the maxim of quantity; the maxim of relevance ；the maxim of manner

1. Introduction
Humor is a seasoning as well as a way of life that plays an important role in daily conversation. It uses voice, vocabulary, syntax and various language meanings to produce comic effect in certain circumstances. No matter how embarrassed the situation is, it can also help us get rid of the awkward situation and make the conversation vivid and unforgettable. Generally speaking, humor is the quality in something that make it funny or amusing or the ability to laugh at things that are amusing (Oxford advanced learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary). Therefore, humor has attracted many language scholars, as a language phenomenon. This essay will analyze some humorous stories from the perspective of Grice’s Cooperative Principles. Linguists Grice thought people always follow some rules unconsciously, and he summarized these rules in four principles: the maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, the maxim of relevance, the maxim of manner. Only two sides abide by the principles could conversation be continued successfully. If one flouts one or several principles, the communication will cause disorders. Nevertheless, sometimes people will violate the principles on purpose due to some needs.