摘　要

 随着时代的进步和社会的发展，女性已经逐步认识到自由和权利的重要性，也开始不断努力维护自身的权益，包括婚姻、爱情以及自由。《德伯家的苔丝》是托马斯.哈代最杰出的悲剧作品。论文分析了女主人公反抗命运、婚姻的原因和特征。哈代以小说女主人公苔丝的悲惨命运为西方悲剧作了一个形象的阐释：苔丝本是一位纯洁、勤劳的农村姑娘，她向往人世间的一切真善美，但又不断遭到落后封建观念的束缚和伪善的打击。苔丝性格中善良的本性促使她不断追求精神的完美，同时对不公的命运进行了反抗。她强烈的渴望得到幸福的念头给了她反抗不公的强大动力。其性格中的软弱性也为她的悲剧人生埋下伏笔，同时更加体现出维多利亚时代的英格兰女性所受到的不公平的待遇。因此，苔丝的反抗具有时代性特征，是不可避免的。第一部分介绍了论文的目的、意义和文章的布局。第二部分介绍了小说的背景，分析了小说作者的生活经历、文章的大概内容和苔丝的性格。第三部分介绍了19世纪女性的命运和婚姻，分析了苔丝如何反抗悲惨的命运和不幸的婚姻。第四部分分析了19世纪的社会现象和传统的观念以及苔丝的反抗。第五部分对论文进行总结，阐述观点。

关键词：反抗;追求;悲剧性;女性觉醒;女性意识

Abstract

With the progress of the times and social development, women have gradually realized the importance of freedom and rights, and also began ongoing efforts to protect their own interests, including marriage, love and freedom. Tess of the D’Urbervilles is regarded as the most successful tragic masterpiece of Thomas Hardy. The paper analyzed the causes and characteristics of the heroine to resist the fate of marriage. Hardy made a vivid illustration of Western tragedy through the tragic fate of the novel heroine Tess: Tess is a pure and hard-working peasant girl. She is longing for the beauty of life, but she is constantly being bounded by the feudal concepts and attacked by the hypocrisy of the blow. The goodness in her nature prompted her to continuously pursue the perfection of her inner world, and at the same time she began to fight the fate of injustice. The weakness of her characters is paving the way for her tragic life and reflects women are unfairly treated. So such a rebellion is impossible to be avoided which reveals the characteristics of the time. The first part introduces the purpose, significance and the layout of this paper. The second part introduces s the experiences of the writer, the brief commentary of the novel and the characteristics of Tess. The third part analysis Tess’s fight to the unfortunate fate and marriage of women in 19th century .The fourth part introduces the decadent society and the traditional concept and Tess’s fight. The fifth part is the conclusion of the paper.

Key words: resistance; pursuit; tragic fate; women awakening; women consciousness

1 Introduction
This paper is an analysis of Tess's Spirit of Resistance. The description of the tragedy of Tess's life reflects the spirit of resistance of Tess and in order to defeat the unfortunate fate, she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocritical religion.