摘  要

杰克•伦敦是美国最伟大的现实主义作家之一。同时他也是一位多产的作家。由于其深厚的文学功底，他的作品深受广大读者的欢迎，尤其是一些著名的作品例如《生火》和《马丁依登》更是早已被前人熟识，因此后人要想从这些作品中研究得出新的结论将非常的困难。但众所周知杰克•伦敦非常擅长将动物作为主角来进行小说创作，其中狗和狼的形象极具代表性，而这两个形象的最佳代表又非《荒野的呼唤》和《白牙》的主角布克和白牙莫属。由于多数学者在研究时都是只选择其中一个形象来进行分析，所以为了得出更为新颖的结论，本文特意将狗和狼这两个形象放在一起通过对这两部作品进行分析和对比，从而得出其二者形象所蕴含的深层意义以及之间的关联。

关键词：杰克•伦敦； 狗和狼的形象；分析和对比

Abstract

Jack London was one of the greatest realism writers in America. At the same time, he was also a prolific writer. Because of his profound literary skills, his works were popular among the readers, especially some excellent works such as To Build a Fire and Martin Eden. These works have already been done deep researches by the previous scholars, so it will be very different for posterity to get new conclusions from them. However as is well-known, Jack London is the writer who was good at integrating the images of animals into his works. Dog and wolf are two remarkable kinds of these animals. Among these works which are about animals, The Call of the Wild and White Fang are the typical works. The characters of the both works are the dog Buck and the wolf White Fang. It can be said that Buck and White Fang are the representatives of the images of dog and wolf in Jack London's works. Although nowadays there are quite a lot of scholars have done researches on Jack London's works. But the number of scholars who studied the images of animals in Jack London's works is still small, especially the scholars who studied the images of dog and wolf. Most of scholars took one images of both when they were studying. So at this time this paper will find out the deeper significance of the dog and wolf in Jack London's works. As the representatives of the two animals, the characters Buck and White Fang in The Call of the Wild and White Fang will be analysed and compared in detail in this paper.

Key words: Jack London; images of the dog and wolf; analysis and contrast

1 Introduction
Jack London (formerly John Griffith Chaney, January 12, 1876 – November 22, 1916) was one of the greatest realism writers in America. He also was a journalist and social activist. In 1876, Jack London was born in a very poor family which was at the bottom of social class in San Francisco. The poverty-stricken life and unhappy childhood made Jack London have more different perception of life and society than others. He had done many jobs such as newspaper boy, sailor and so on. All these special experiences had become the precious material in his works later. His works were full of his thoughts, wishes and criticism to the capitalist society and had the specific social significance. In his life, he had created quite a lot of works, including 152 short stories and articles, 19 complete novels, 3 plays and 8 autobiographical and sociological books.