摘　要

本文通过结合小说人物所属的社会背景，他们所经历的事件以及18世纪英国的道德标准和价值观来对《鲁宾逊漂流记》中的主要人物鲁宾逊进行性格分析。鲁宾逊在性格有两方面的体现，积极和消极。通过对小说进行分析，我们可以发现鲁宾逊是一个内心复杂的文明人，性格中有善良、勇敢、乐观和怯弱、残忍、悲观等方面。本人包括两个部分：第一部分，鲁宾逊的性格简要分析。鲁宾逊不甘于像父母一样平庸的生活，心里充满冒险和挑战，所以放弃安逸，舒适的生活，最后被流落荒岛28年，小说的主体部分就是他流落荒岛的生活。第二部分，鲁宾逊性格的形成。通过对笛福的生平和个人经历，鲁宾逊的家庭和当时所处的社会讲述主人公性格的形成。

关键词：《鲁宾逊漂流记》；社会背景；性格分析

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to reveal and analysis the character of Robinson in Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe by taking his social background, the incidents he encountered and the British morals and values in eighteenth Century into consideration. His characters can be reflected in two aspects: positive and negative. The analysis on this novel indicates elements as bravery, kindness, optimism and so on and of negative elements as occasional cowardice, cruelty, fatality and so forth. This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is the analysis of the characters of the hero. Robinson, in which the hero is unwilling to mediocrity through life like their parents, so decided to give up a life of ease and comfort At last, he was thrown onto a deserted island and lived there for 28 years. The main body is the life in the island. The second part is the formation of the characters of the hero by describing Defoe’s personality and experience, Robinson’s family and society.

Key words: Robinson Crusoe; social background; character analysis

1 Introduction
    Robinson Crusoe is well known as a novel which written in 1719. What is less frequently remarked upon is that the novel is just as concerned with the slaughter of animals. This essay introduces the information about the writer, the book itself and the main character in the novel. What's more, it also tells the influence of the society and his family on the hero. His personality and experiences are very important in his life. Robinson Crusoe is charged with political factor: the question of who (or what) may eat what (or whom) is shown to be inseparable from citizenship. Killing and eating a body, whether animal or human, is a direct expression of power; which is dictating what others may or may not eat. Most obviously, cannibalism is used by Crusoe as a rustication for his conquest and suppression of the native population; as a corrective to their unnatural appetite, he teaches the savages to slaughter and eat goats. Robinson Crusoe seems to reject views expressed by Defoe in his connection writing, where he often used food practices as a rustication for – and a means of – imperial conquest. When these concerns are played out on a fictional stage, however, there appear a number of ambiguities that frustrate any straightforward reading of the novel’s political intentions. Robinson Crusoe is an adventure novel.