摘　要

《麦田里的守望者》追溯了主人公霍尔顿的精神成长历程，他作为一个成长中的青少年，站在童年与成年之间的门槛上。一方面，他珍惜儿童世界的纯真，因为它代表着真诚、纯洁与美好，他渴望保持童年的纯真。另一方面，他讨厌成人世界的假模假式、虚伪与腐败，但他又不能抵制成人世界的诱惑。面对着强大社会现实，他别无选择，只能与社会妥协。本文研究了霍尔顿在成长中遭受的对性的困惑, 死亡的困惑以及社会身份的困惑，并且研究了其从抵抗到妥协的心理历程和根本原因。本文拟从心理学角度出发, 结合青少年的心理特征来进一步解析小说的主题——成长的困惑。通过研究霍尔顿的性格和成长困惑，进一步研究二战后美国青少年的成长历程，对理解当代青少年的成长也有重要的指导意义。

关键词：霍尔顿；成长；困惑；妥协

Abstract

The Catcher in the Rye traces the spirit of Holden’s growing up, as a young growing man, standing on the threshold between childhood and adulthood. On the one hand, he cherishes the world of children innocence, because it represents sincerity, purity and beauty, he is eager to maintain the innocence of childhood. On the other hand, he hates the fake model style, hypocrisy and corruption of the adult world, but he can not resist the temptation of the adult world. The face of powerful social reality, he have no choice, only with social compromise. This paper studies Holden’s confusion to sexual, confusion to death and confusion to identity. What is more, it also studies Holden’s mental processes from resistance to compromise and its underlying causes. This paper will from the angle of psychology, combining with psychological characteristics of adolescents to have a further analysis of the novel subject, the confusion of growth. In this paper, through Holden’s confusion of growth and his characters, we can further study the growth process among teenagers in the United States after World War II. And it also has important guiding significance in understanding the contemporary youth.

Key words: Holden; growing up; confusion; compromise

1 Introduction
This paper analyzes the psychological process of the protagonist Holden from hating hypocrisy, in pursuit of pure soul to eventually succumbing to the social reality. It not only reveals the loneliness, hesitation and pain of the inner world of the United States adolescent after World War II, but also is the key to comprehend contemporary youth. It also will focus on the protagonist in The Catcher in the Rye Holden, and on the process and significance of searching for his identity. The thesis will try to find out the main factors that influence his growing and the significance of searching, as well as to draw lessons from it for the growing up of young Chinese students today.