摘　要

威廉•福克纳是美国最有影响力的作家之一，1949年诺贝尔文学奖获得者。他素以长篇和中短篇小说见长。《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是其著名短篇小说之一。这部小说反映了美国南方内战后的变化。小说中，作者用其凝练的手笔、独特的叙事结构成功地塑造了爱米丽•格里尔森这个经典的故事人物。本文中的爱米丽小姐，作为一个没落的南方贵族后裔，却始终享有者无上的荣耀。在南方人眼中，她是“一个纪念碑”，一个传统的化身，一个义务的象征，给人们以无比高贵和无法接近的感觉。但是，为了挽留住早已腐朽不堪的南部文明，她不得不与迅速崛起的北方先进的工业文明所做一系列抗争,最终失去了自身的幸福，并献出自己宝贵的生命。本文通过分析作品中的悲剧主题,从而去发现艾米丽角色中的多重悲剧,但主要因素还是在于强势的父权主义,清教女性传统思想，自身性格和社会与个人之间的冲突。

关键词：  父权主义   清教思想   悲剧
 
Abstract

William Faulkner was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in1949. Most of his works are in the background of the Southern United States. His novels tell the history of the South for nearly 300 years. "A Rose for Emily" is the most famous short novel created by Faulkner. And it is also the most popular and the most times which has been quoted in his collections of stories. For all these reasons above，this article is the most typical American novel. In this novel, Faulkner gives a vivid description of Emily Grierson, who owns good reputation, is always a traditional incarnation, is the symbol of the obligation, is a monument and also the focus of people in the south. She refuses to bury her father, ignores the taxes, isolates herself from the outside world and kills her lover for the sake of keeping her love forever. She devotes all her life to retaining the decline of the southern plantations against with the consequence of modern industrialization. Finally she loses everything even her life. So we need to analyze the tragic fate of Emily, but as far as I’m concerned, patriarchal chauvinism; puritan womanhood, Emily’s characters and the conflict between community and individual should be responsible for Emily’s tragedy.

Key words:  patriarchal chauvinism；  puritan womanhood；  tragedy
 
1    Introduction
  A Rose for Emily was written by William Faulkner who was a famous representative of Modernism writers in American history and won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1949. The novel A Rose for Emily was created at a background of social change of the south after war in America told a tragic lifelong story of a noble seed Emily Grison to show that the contradictions of people in south America when the north is going to replace the south.