Abstract:
As one of the most influential literary figure in the twentieth century, William Faulkner leaves us with a number of classics. The Sound and the Fury, one of his masterpieces in his early writing, has achieved great critical success and a prominent place among the greatest of American novels, and is often counted one of the 100 greatest books. It is a story recording the relationships of the Compson family. Like many of his contemporaries, Faulkner tries to change or challenge the understanding of space and time. Modernists felt that the traditional method of presenting space and time doesn’t mesh with how readers experience life. Some reviews may be confused when fragments of the story are the only being in their minds. As for the complex writing and the puzzling structure, many scholars from home and abroad have attempted to analyze the characters from different perspectives. However, few people find its value from the point of the techniques used to portray Caddy in order to make clear of the looming character, that is, from a shadow character to a central one. Based on the previous research on the analysis of each of the characters and the structure in the novel, the paper tries to make an explanation of the looming character from the perspective of techniques on the basis of Bergson’s theory of Duration. Various techniques used for different narratives enrich the characters and make the memory and emotion of each narrative much clearer. Besides, in the final section, the character of Caddy can be objectively seen in its largest view and without being interrupted by some other members in the Compson family.

Key words: The Sound and the Fury; the looming character of Caddy; techniques; idea of time; stream of consciousness

摘要：
发表于1929年的《喧哗与骚动》是二十世纪美国作家威廉•福克纳的早期代表作。刚出版时，这部小说并未引起轰动。直到1946年，评论家们开始关注起来并且对这部作品褒贬不一。但是，他们普遍认为这是一部最具开创性的实验小说之一，标志着福克纳大胆进行创作实验的开端。其中混乱的叙述，错乱的时间，破碎的情节以及随意的思想使人读来困惑不已。但是正是这种“乱中有序”的写作手法赋予了整个故事以丰富的人物性格。以往的国内外学者大多单纯地从人物性格看当时的社会或是从语言特点等角度分析每个人物的性格，而很少有人从写作手法的角度分析。本文在前人的研究成果基础上，依据柏格森的心理时间学说，尝试从塑造人物所用的技巧来分析凯蒂这一人物是怎样从影子人物到中心人物的。用不同的写作手法表达不同的叙述者对凯蒂的不同情感和记忆，使得凯蒂这一人物更形象、更生动。而最后一个部分由福克纳自己从一个女仆的角度来客观地描述发生在凯蒂身边的故事，又使得她这一形象更客观，更加突出。反映出了康普生家庭的衰败史。虽然所述的是同一个故事，但是多角度的叙述手法使得人物性格更加清晰，情感更加丰富，故事更加完整。

关键词：《喧哗与骚动》；凯蒂形象的塑造；写作技巧；时间哲学；意识流