摘要

在《德伯家的苔丝》(以下简称《苔丝》)一书中,哈代接受了父权制社会中的妇女观念。在其小说创作中,他从男性的思维角度来叙述苔丝悲剧命运的起伏,体现了比较浓重的男性思维。但小说中又含有一定的女权主义意识,表现在作者把苔丝刻画成一位有个性，敢于追求爱情的女性形象，这显示出哈代在创作过程中男性思维和女权意识的交织矛盾。正是这种矛盾的心理导致了女主人公的悲剧命运。

关键词：托马斯.哈代；苔丝;男权思维；女权意识；矛盾
 
Abstract

In "Tess of the d’Urbervilles "(hereinafter referred to as "Tess"), Hardy reveals his perception of women in the patriarchy society. He describes Tess’s tragic fate from the male perspective, reflecting patriarchal thinking in the depth of his consciousness. On the other hand, this love story also conveys a clear sense of feminist consciousness of the writer, which is proven by the fact that Tess, the heroine, is depicted as a female image who has strong personality and has the courage to pursue her ideal love. We may say that it is just this contradictory state of mind on the part of the writer that leads to the tragic ending of the heroine.

Key words: Thomas. Hardy；Tess; patriarchal thinking; feminist consciousness; contradiction.

1 Introduction

Thomas Hardy (1840-1928), as one of the central literary figures in the Victorian Era, occupies a high position in English literary history. Virginia Woolf claims in The Second Common Reader, “When we say that the death of Thomas Hardy leaves English fiction without a leader, we mean that there is no other writer whose supremacy would be generally accepted, none to whom it sees so fitting and natural to pay homage.” (Woolf, 1986:245) He has talents in many fields. Talented in long, short novels or poems, he is called as literary genius. For a long period of time, he is always an important person in academic circle, critic circle, editorial press and biographical circle. Such a great person attracts many people to study him.
1.1 Brief introduction of Hardy’s life and his works
Hardy was born and brought up in Dorset, a rural region of southwestern England that was to become the focus of his fictions. As a young boy, Hardy was deeply influenced by his parents. His father’s profession as an architect directly influenced him on his decision to be an architect; while his mother’s great interest in literature had a gradual influence on young Hardy’s love for poetry and novel. Compared with the architect, literary creations were his real favorite. Therefore, he returned to his hometown-Dorsett in 1867 and began to write his novels.