摘要
 
爱伦•坡一生之中只创作了为数不多的侦探小说，但被侦探小说界称为侦探小说的鼻祖，在他的第一篇侦探小说《莫格街血案》中爱伦•坡塑造了历史上第一个小说侦探—杜宾。本文主要通过对《莫格街血案》中主人公杜宾和作者爱伦•坡之间的异同比较和分析，阐述坡理想自我的化身正是杜宾,并从这篇小说中的描写手法和象征手法剖析爱伦•坡对唯美主义的和理想自我的追求。

关键词：爱伦•坡；杜宾；莫格街血案；理想自我；唯美主义

Abstract
 
Allan Poe just wrote several detective stories in his life, but he has been called the ancestor of detective stories. In his first detective story The Murders in The Rue Morgue, he creates the first detective in his stories—Dupin. In this paper, we will discuss Allan Poe’s pursuit of an ideal self through a parallel comparison and contrast between Dupin and Allan Poe. And through Poe’s description and symbolism in this story, we will analyze his persistence of aestheticism and an ideal self.

Keywords: Allan Poe; Dupin; The Murders in The Rue Morgue; ideal self; aestheticism

1. Introduction

1.1 The introduction of Edgar Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe, is one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered as the inventor of the detective-fiction genre. He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career. Poe and his works influenced literature of the United States, even of the whole world. George Bernard Shaw commented Poe as one of the greatest American writers. The influence of Poe has been beyond the domain of literature, and it has become a literary phenomenon. If we want to learn about American literature, we must study the works of Allan Poe first.
Poe’s greatness depends on his pioneering and creating spirits. He is praised as the ancestor of detective story, one of the pioneers of science fiction, horror fiction, symbolism, and estheticism. His writing style has been unique at every age. Poe’s first detective story—The Murders in the Rue Morgue has influenced many famous writers in later ages, for example, Conan Doyle, Baudelaire, Jules Verne, Robert Louis Stevenson, Hitchcock, and Tim Burton and so on.